南投縣中高齡者選擇尊嚴善終行為意向之研究

死亡是人生必經之路，尊嚴善終更是人人所期望的謝幕過程。不同於早期人人避而不談死亡以及醫療決定權全落在家屬身上，現今已走向以病人自主為主、家屬為輔，病人自主權利已受到重視。在病人自主權力議題興起後，安樂死議題也是議論紛紛，隨著前體育主播傅達仁先生親自請求通過安樂死事件，安樂死議題再次被掀起討論，成爲爭論多年未果的議題。2019年立法院一讀通過「尊嚴善終法草案」，此草案即是為安樂死立法而起，故探討民眾對尊嚴善終是有其必要性。本研究以計畫行為理論及死亡態度為基礎，建構此次研究的架構。研究對象為南投縣45歲以上中高齡者，以結構性問卷調查方式，探討影響中高齡者選擇尊嚴善終行為意向。研究結果發現，中高齡者對於選擇尊嚴善終行為的「行為態度」、「主觀規範」、「知覺行為控制」、「死亡態度」與「行為意向」皆持正向同意，受測者教育程度越高對各構面的認同度越高，受測者有聽過尊嚴善終的在各構面高於沒聽過者。此外，依據多元迴歸分析結果顯示，影響中高齡者選擇尊嚴善終的行為意向最高者為「死亡態度」，其次為「主觀規範」，此顯示中高齡者選擇尊嚴善終受個人對死亡態度認同度影響最大。

關鍵字

安樂死；尊嚴善終法；計畫行為理論；中高齡者；死亡態度

並列摘要

Death is an inescapable reality and a transitioning journey for everyone. A dignified ending is the curtain call process that everyone expects. Unlike the early days, everyone avoided talking about death, and the rest of the family had to make all of the medical-related decisions. Nowadays, decision making has moved towards patients' autonomy, supplemented by the family member patients' autonomy. Moreover, the issue of euthanasia has also been in heated discussion and debate for many years. With the former sports anchor, Mr. Fu Daren, requesting the adoption of euthanasia personally, euthanasia was openly discussed again. This study relates to euthanasia legislation, so it is necessary to discuss people's hospitable death with dignity. Based on the theory of planned behavior and attitudes toward death, a framework was created in this research. The subjects of this research were middle-aged and older adults over 45 years old in Nantou County. A structured questionnaire was used to explore the behavioral intentions that influence middle-aged and older adults on how to choose a dignified and hospitable death. The results of the study found that middle-aged and older adults agreed with the "behavioral attitude", "subjective norm", "perceived behavioral control", "death attitude", and "behavioral intention" positively for choosing a dignified end-of-life behavior. The higher the recognition of each aspect, the higher the degree of recognition of the subjects who have heard of hospice with dignity than those who have not heard of it. In addition, according to the results of multiple regression analysis, the behavioral intention that significantly affected the choice of dignified hospice among the middle-aged and older adults was "death attitude" followed by "subjective norm".

並列關鍵字

euthanasia ； hospice with dignity ； theory of planned behavior ； older adults ； attitudes toward death

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