摘要
目的：探討不同伸展方式在不同休息時間之後對蛙式游泳選手之爆發力與運動表現的影響。方法：招募7名蛙式游泳選手，採不同的伸展方式［不伸展、靜態伸展、動態伸展、本體感覺神經肌肉促進術（Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, PNF）］，本研究依變項為爆發力（立定垂直跳）、運動表現（50公尺蛙式成績），統計方法為重覆量數單因子變異數分析（repeated one-way ANOVA），使用SPSS for Windows 22.0版進行統計分析，其統計顯著水準訂定為α = .05。結果：（一）爆發力測驗部分：（1）立即測驗：不伸展優於靜態伸展、動態伸展及PNF；動態伸展優於靜態伸展及PNF；靜態伸展高於PNF。（2）休息10分鐘後測驗：動態伸展優於不伸展、靜態伸展及PNF；不伸展優於靜態伸展及PNF；靜態伸展優於PNF。（3）休息20分鐘後測驗：動態伸展優於靜態伸展及PNF。（二）運動表現部分：未達顯著差異，也就是在不同伸展方式後的游泳蛙式成績表現沒有差異。結論：一、立即測驗的垂直跳表現為不伸展最佳，在休息10分鐘及20分鐘後測驗的垂直跳表現是動態伸展方式最佳。二、伸展後恢復時間超過20分鐘，對於50公尺蛙式游泳成績表現上沒有產生影響。三、對爆發性運動而言，動態伸展較靜態伸展有更佳的效果，但動態伸展會消耗較多的能量，依據不同的運動項目，在伸展後須搭配適當的恢復時間，以獲得最佳的運動表現。
並列摘要
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different types of stretch and various rest periods on the immediate power and sport performance for the breaststroke swimmers. Method: Seven voluntaries of breaststroke swimmers participated in this study. Four types of stretch were included non-stretch, static stretch, dynamic stretch, and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF). The dependent variables in this study were participant's power (standing vertical jump) and sport performance (time of 50 meters breaststroke). Repeated One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for the data collected from the participant's records. SPSS Statistics for Windows version 22.0 was used to calculate the significance of the data, and α = 0.5 was the standard to show the result of significant differences. Results: The main findings were (a) for the immediate test of swimmers' power (standing vertical jump), there were significant differences among four different types of stretch before jumping. Non-stretch was significantly better than static stretch, dynamic stretch, and PNF. Dynamic stretching was significantly better than static stretch and PNF. Moreover, static stretch was significantly better than PNF. (b) For the results of 10 minutes rests after the stretch, dynamic stretch was significantly better than non-stretch, static stretch, and PNF. Non-stretch was significantly better than static stretch and PNF. Static stretch was significantly better than PNF. (c) For the results of 20 minutes rests after the stretch, dynamic stretch was significantly better than static stretch and PNF. However, there were no significant differences in the results of the test of swimmers' sport performance (time of 50 meters breaststroke). Conclusions: (a) Non-stretch is the best way for standing vertical jump on the immediate test. Dynamic stretch is the best way for standing vertical jump after 10- and 20-minite rest. (b) There were no differences between stretch types on the swimmers' performance of 50 meters breaststroke after 20-minute rest. (c) Dynamic stretch is better than static stretch for the anaerobic exercise, but dynamic stretch needs more energy and may still needs appropriate time to recover.