COVID-19疫情對年輕族群在運動行為、體適能、主觀幸福感之影響

新型冠狀病毒（新冠病毒）疫情蔓延，世界各國面臨病毒肆虐。政府為因應此種特殊情況，啟動多項規定與建議，預防疫情的持續擴散。這些政策的制定可能影響大眾之運動行為，以及生心理健康。具體而言，在生理方面，過去研究發現運動可能體適能產生變化。而在心理方面，運動亦可能影響情緒之變化，例如：主觀幸福感。本研究目的為探討新冠病毒疫情對年輕人運動行為與體適能之變化，並探討疫情與幸福感之關聯性。本研究共招募859位年輕人。採用問卷收集疫情前與疫情期間之運動行為資料，實驗參與者於2020年4月底全部完成問卷填寫。體適能檢測之指標包含心肺耐力、瞬發力、肌耐力、柔軟度，以及身體組成。體適能之前測於2019年9月至10月間完成，而體適能之後測則於4月完成。本研究發現運動行為於新冠病毒疫情期間顯著減少運動頻率與運動時間。疫情期間之體適能與疫情前之體適能未達顯著差異。另外，體適能與主觀幸福感未有顯著關聯性。根據本研究結果，年輕族群疫情期間減少運動之頻率與時間，然疫情前之體適能與期間之體適能呈現相似的情形。另外，體適能與主觀幸福感在疫情期間未有明顯的關聯性。提供新冠病毒疫情期間，年輕族群在運動行為、體適能，以及主觀幸福感之相關資訊，其可提供未來疫情期間作為政策實施之考量。

關鍵字

新冠病毒；心理健康；運動頻率；身體活動

並列摘要

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread around world, and many countries have confronted the impact of this virus. The world governments have implemented a series of restrictions and recommendations in response to this special situation, in order to prevent the continual spread of COVID-19. These preventative policies could possibly influence the exercise behavior as well as the physical and mental health of athletes and sports practitioners, or young adults. Specifically, from a physical approach, previous studies have suggested that exercise could influence the status of one's overall fitness. From a mental approach, exercise could also impact the emotions, such as one's subjective sense of well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on exercise behavior, fitness, and its association with subjective well-being, in young adults. Eight hundred and sixty-nine young adults were recruited. The data on their exercise behavior before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was collected by using questionnaires, and the participants were asked to fill out all questionnaires before the end of April 2019. Their cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular power, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition were evaluated as fitness indices. Their pretests of fitness were assessed between September and October of 2019, and their posttests of fitness were completed before the end of April 2020. These young adults' exercise frequency and duration were reduced during the pandemic. However, their fitness during the pandemic was found to be similar to their fitness before the pandemic. Moreover, the association between their fitness and subjective wellbeing were not found. Our findings suggested that while the exercise frequency and duration were reduced in this group of young adults; nevertheless, their fitness conditions were not changed. Our conclusion is that fitness alone might not be directly associated with subjective wellbeing. This evidence could possibly be provided for making health policy during any future pandemic.

並列關鍵字

COVID-19 ； mental health ； exercise frequency ； physical activity

參考文獻

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COVID-19疫情對年輕族群在運動行為、體適能、主觀幸福感之影響

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