穿梭在陽剛與陰柔之間：酷兒軍人與軍隊性別界線之互動型態

軍隊是典型的陽剛霸權機構，「男陽剛、女陰柔」的性別界線緊密監控著所有成員的性別身份，然隨著民主政治發展，同志軍人也逐漸勇於現身，為探究同志軍人在軍隊性別制度下之主體性與多元面貌，本研究採敘事方法，立意抽樣8位酷兒軍人，並結合酷兒視角與劇場模型進行分析。研究發現在多元性別平等的呼聲下，性別界線仍普遍存在於軍隊，然個人也非全然受壓迫者，隨著情境及資源掌握程度，同志主體與性別界線的互動可區分為維持、模糊化以及顛覆三種型態，不僅可依情境自由切換，性別操演策略也不同，足見同志主體建構及改變軍隊性別文化的能動性與潛力。研究建議軍隊宜貫徹多元性別教育及用人唯才之原則，從而開啟超越性別二元規範的契機。

關鍵字

酷兒；劇場模型；性別操演；性別界線

並列摘要

The military is a typical hegemonic masculine organization. The gender identity of all military members is closely monitored by the gender boundary of ＂masculine male and feminine female.＂ However, with the development of democratic politics, queer soldiers are gradually showing up. To explore the subjectivity and diversity of gay soldiers under the military gender norm, this study adopts the narrative method, purposive samples of eight queer soldiers, combined with queer perspective and dramaturgical model for analysis. The study found that under the voice of multi-gender equality, the gender boundary still generally exists in the military. Although individuals are not completely oppressed, the interaction between queer subjects and the gender boundary can be divided into three types: maintenance, blurring, and subversion, depending on the situation and their resources. These three can not only be switched freely but also have different strategies for gender performativity. This shows the initiative and potential of queer subjects in constructing and changing the gender culture of the military. The study recommends that the military implement gender-diverse education and adopt the principle of employing people based on their abilities, thus opening up opportunities to transcend gender binary norms.

並列關鍵字

queers ； dramaturgical model ； gender performativity ； gender boundary

參考文獻

謝枝旺、王秋鳳（2021）。多元性別從軍者的輔導作為之研究。軍事社會科學專刊，18，57-80。https://doi.org/10.6915/PMSS.202103_(18).0005

周海娟（2011）。我國女性軍人百年來的發展與現況。婦研縱橫，95，36-45。https://doi.org/10.6256/FWGS.2011.95.35

Basaran, O. (2014). “You are Like a Virus”: Dangerous Bodies and Military Medical Authority in Turkey. Gender & Society, 28(4), 562-582. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243214526467

Belkin, A. (2008). Spam Filter: Gay Rights and the Normalization of Male-Male Rape in the U.S. Military. Radical History Review, 2008(100), 180-185. https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-2007-029

Bem, S. L. (1974). The Measurement of Psychological Androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42(2), 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0036215

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