諮商師的創意－一個初探研究

Counselors' Creativity-An Exploratory Study

邱珍琬(Jane Chiu)

《臺灣諮商心理學報》 9卷1期 (2021/11) Pp. 31-49

摘要

諮商是一門科學、也是藝術，面對不同的當事人需要為其客製化適合的服務，當然也需要創意的發揮。本研究以十位已執業的諮商師為訪談對象（男性二名、女性八名），將蒐集資料之內容類別做歸納分析，結果如下：（一）諮商師認為創意的定義有想像力的實踐或遭遇阻礙時的新思索，跳脫原來的框架或習慣而帶來的改變、新感受與做法，創意是出乎意料、不受限、並展現美感，以及創意是更深、更高層的智慧；（二）諮商師需要創意的理由為─諮商是科學也是藝術，不同的當事人與議題，當然需要創意；諮商的驚奇與新鮮感；創意可看見希望與可能性；突破瓶頸或困境需要創意；以及心靈的深度交流需要創意。參與者目睹或聽說的創意包括從閱讀中、看見同僚的創意或與同僚討論，或是從當事人身上學習創意；（三）諮商師本身在臨床工作上使用的創意有：結合在地民俗療法，在例行工作中做改變，與不同專業合作、或與當事人共同發想，使用不同媒材、策略突破當事人的抗拒，運用譬喻、催眠等方式以達諮商效果。（四）隨著臨床經驗的進展，諮商師較有創意的展現，創意可能與諮商師個性、願意投入專業的熱情有關。

關鍵字

諮商師 ； 創意

並列摘要

Counseling is a science and art. Counselors deal with different clients and need to customize appropriate services as well as creativity. This study recruited and interviewed 10 counseling practitioners, and analyzed collected data. Those participants defined ＂creativity＂ as: realizing imagination or new thoughts while encountering obstacles; jumping out of thinking habit and bringing change, new feelings and actions; being out of surprise and frames, completing goals and presenting beauty, as well as deeper thinking. Counselors need creativity because counseling is: a science and an art, dealing with different clients and issues, bringing with surprise and novelty during counseling, inspiring hope and possibilities, providing with variety of thinking or break-through, and deep interacting in spirit. They witnessed or learned creativity were from reading, peer-sharing and discussion, as well as from their clients. Those participants shared their clinical creativity such as combining with local religious activities, changing routines, working with different professionals and clients, utilizing various strategies and medias to break through clients' resistance, and applying metaphors and hypnosis to reach counseling goals. Counselors have more originality as they season. Creativity might be corrected with counselors' personalities and compassion to engage in profession.

並列關鍵字

counselor ； creativity

參考文獻

Chang, J. H., Chen, H. C., Hsu, C. C., Chan, Y. C., & Chan,. Y. L. (2015). Flexible humor styles and the creative mind: Using a typological approach to investigate the relationship between humor styles and creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 9(3), 306–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0039527

Cicirelli, V. G., & Cicirelli, J. S. (1970). Counselors’ creative ability and attitude in relation to counseling behavior with disadvantaged counselees. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 17(2), 177-188. http://doi.org/10.1037/h0028892

Dua, P. S. (1972). Development in creativity: A study of high school counselors. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 19(1), 53-57. http://doi.org/10.1037/h0032023

Feldhusen, J. F., & Goh, B. E. (1995). Assessing and assessing creativity: An integrative review of theory, research, & development. Creativity Research Journal, 8(3), 231-247. http://doi.org/10.1207/s15326934crj0803_3

Leitner, L. M. (2001). Experiential personal construct therapeutic artistry: The therapy relationship and the timing of interventions. Humanistic Psychologist, 29(1-3), 98-113. http://doi.org/10.1080/08873267.2001.9977009