女子壘球選手知覺教練領導行為、知覺運動動機氣候與滿意度之相關研究

The Relationship of Perceived Coach Leadership Behaviors, Perceived Motivation Climate and Satisfaction among Women's Softball Athletes

馬君萍(Chun-Ping Ma) ； 王耀聰(Yao-Tsung Wang)

《大專體育學術專刊》 92年度 (上) (2003/06) Pp. 559-569

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200306_92.0057

摘要

本研究主要目的在探討：（一）女子壘球選手知覺教練領導行為與知覺運動動機氣候、教練滿意度及團隊滿意度之間的關係。（二）女子壘球選手知覺教練領導行為與知覺運動動機氣候的典型相關情形。（三）女子壘球選手知覺教練領導行為與知覺運動動機氣候對教練滿意度的預測情形。（四）女子壘球選手知覺教練領導行為與知覺運動動機氣候對團隊滿意度的預測情形。受試者為參與91年度全國女子壘球甲組秋季錦標賽之女子壘球選手，計有12隊，共199人。所有受試者被要求填寫基本資料、知覺運動動機氣候量表、運動領導量表、教練滿意度量表和團隊滿意度量表。統計方法以皮爾遜積差相關、典型相關及多元逐步迴歸方法分析所有資料。研究結果顯示：（一）選手知覺教練的非專制領導行為（訓練與教學的行為、民主的行為、社會支持的行為與獎勵和讚賞的行為）與工作取向氣候、教練滿意度及團隊滿意度皆呈顯著正相關，僅訓練與教學的行為與自我取向氣候呈顯著負相關；而選手知覺教練專制的行為與自我取向氣候呈顯著正相關，但與教練滿意度呈顯著負相關。（二）教練的「低訓練與教學、低社會支持、低獎勵和贊賞與高專制」的領導行為組型，與教練塑造的「正向自我取向且負向工作取向」的動機氣候組型有關。（三）知覺社會支持的行為、知覺專制的行為和知覺訓練與教學的行為可有效預測選手對教練的滿意度。（四）知覺獎勵和讚賞的行為和知覺民主的行為可有技預測選手對團隊的滿意度。最後，本研究亦根據研究結果，提出具體建議，以提供教練選手及未來研究參考。

關鍵字

知覺動機氣候 ； 教練領導行為 ； 滿意度

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were: (1)to examine the relationship between the perceived coach leadership behaviors and perceived motivation climate, leader satisfaction, team satisfaction among women's softball athletes. (2)to examine the canonical correlation between perceived coach leadership behaviors and perceived motivation c1imate among women's softball athletes. (3)to predict leader satisfaction by using perceived coach leadership behaviors and perceived motivation climate. (4)to predict team satisfaction by using perceived coach leadership behaviors and perceived motivation climate. Subjects were 199 female softball athletes recruited from 12 teams who participated in 2002 Division I National Women's Softball Tournament. AII participants were asked to complete demographic data, Perceived Motivation Climate Questionnaire, Leadership Scale for Sports and Satisfaction Questionnaire.The Pearson product moment correlation, canonical correlation and stepwise multiple regression statistics methods were used to analyze all collected data. The results indicated that: (1)athletes' perception of non-autocratic behaviors(training and instruction behavior, democratic behavior, social support behavior and reward behavior) had positive correlation with task orientation climate, leader satisfaction and team satisfaction, while only training and instruction behavior had negative correlation with ego orientation climate; athletes' perception of autocratic behavior had positive correlation with ego orientation climate, but negative correlation with leader satisfaction. (2)coaches' ”low training and instruction, low social support, low reward, and high autocratic” leadership behavior pattern were correlated with coaches' ”positive ego orientation and negative task orientation” motivational climate pattern. (3)perceived social support behavior, perceived autocratic behavior and perceived training and instruction behavior were three effective predictors to predict athletes' leader satisfaction. (4)perceived reward behavior and perceived democratic behavior were two effective predictors to predict team satisfaction.Finally, based on the results of this study, the implication for the coaches and athletes and suggestion for the future studies are discussed.

並列關鍵字

perceived motivation climate ； coach leadership behavior ； satisfaction