This article proposes characterize the political and ideological hegemony in the PT governments, the crisis of the Dilma Rousseff government and the class political realignments produced in this political conjuncture. We will emphasize the analysis of the relations between the fractions of the ruling class, in order to demonstrate that the ambivalent relation of contradiction and dependence between the internal big bourgeoisie and the bourgeoisie associated with imperialism is a decisive factor for understand the recent Brazilian politics.