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專業知識背景對假釋審查影響之研究

A Study on the Impact of Professional Knowledge Background on Parole Review

摘要


假釋出監後再犯罪之危險性,總是引發社會的關注和不安,致使民眾對於假釋審查把關的功能,產生極大的質疑與不信任,進而對矯正機關的成效產生懷疑。目前我國假釋審查需要通過監獄假釋審查會初審和法務部複審,其中假釋審查人員來自不同專業知識背景,因其個人的個性、價值觀、信念等,是否會影響假釋審查的公正性及效能,是值得探討的議題。在質化研究的思惟下,選取心理師、觀護人、律師、檢察官、法官、犯罪學、一般教師、監獄官(典獄長、教化與戒護科長)等不同專業知識背景之監獄假釋審查人員,以深度訪談法蒐集資料,期能瞭解不同專業知識背景對假釋人員審查決意影響的差異。本研究擷取「不同職務背景」、「不同專業知識背景」兩個面向,進行假釋審查影響因素的分析,分析假釋審查人員的決意過程中,如何考量「危害性」、「應報性」、「悛悔性」、「再犯危險性」和「復歸性」等五大「行政審判」面向。研究結果發現「不同的職務背景」或「專業知識背景」,在假釋審查考量上在行政審判的五大考量上,顯有差異。即犯罪學及監獄學等專業背景者,考量的面向是多元化,包括危害性、悛悔性、再犯性、應報性和復歸性考量。其他不同專業知識背景者,在假釋審查的考量上,呈現符合人們對其專業任務的認知,即檢察官較偏向應報性,觀護人較偏向再犯性,律師較偏向危害性,心理師較偏向再犯性及悛悔性,以及法官及犯罪學則是偏向多元考量面向。依研究發現,提出具體建議供假釋審查人員自身覺察之參考,降低自身知識背景的不當干擾,以提升民眾對假釋的信賴度。

關鍵字

假釋 知識背景 審查決意

並列摘要


The high risk of recidivism of parolees makes the public feel anxious, which leads to great doubts and distrusts about the function of parole review. The current operation of parole review in Taiwan is the initial review by the Prison Parole Review Board and the review by the Ministry of Justice. It is worth researching whether the different professional backgrounds of parole reviewers, their personalities, values, and beliefs will affect the fairness and effectiveness of parole review. This research uses qualitative research and in-depth interviews to collect data from parole reviewers with different professional knowledge backgrounds, such as psychologists, guardians, attorneys, prosecutors, judges, criminologists, teachers, and prison officers, in order to understand the impact of different knowledge backgrounds on parole review. This research analyzes how parole reviewers consider the five major "administrative adjudication" aspects of "dangerousness," "responsiveness," "repentance," "risk of recidivism," and "rehabilitativeness. The study found that there were significant differences in the five major considerations of administrative adjudication in parole review by "different positions" and "professional knowledge backgrounds". Parole reviewers with different professional knowledge backgrounds present considerations for parole review that are consistent with people's perceptions of their professional tasks. Based on the findings of the research, specific recommendations are made for the reference of parole reviewers to reduce the interference of professional knowledge in order to enhance the public's trust in parole.

並列關鍵字

parole knowledge background decision making

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