資優自學生自我概念與其影響之探究

本研究旨在了解資優自學生之自我概念的樣貌與特質，以及自學對資優自學生自我概念的影響，以質性研究方法訪談兩位國小中年級資優自學生與其重要他人，兩位資優自學生為一位男性、一位女性，並分別訪談其主要照顧者、導師、及同儕。訪談大綱主要參考兒童自我態度問卷（郭為藩，1978）中自我概念的五個向度（1）對自己身體特質（2）對自己能力與成就（3）對自己人格特質（4）對外界的接納（5）自己的價值系統與信念，並以此作為資料分析的基本架構。資料處理與分析的過程為求可信度與嚴謹性，研究者反覆檢視比對資料，尋找資料的關係與脈絡最後建構與研究問題、研究目的相呼應的主題架構，並在過程中不斷修正以更符合研究的整體脈絡。主要研究發現如下：一、自我概念的樣貌：資優自學生能掌握自身優勢，正向思考並專注於優勢能力。二、影響因素：家長的教養態度給予支持及陪伴，讓資優自學生能勇敢嘗試新事物。研究結論歸納有六點：（一）兩位資優自學生能保持正向、接納缺點；（二）父母教養方式讓資優自學生能勇於嘗試新事物；（三）老師的支持與鼓勵讓資優自學生有可詢問、認同的對象；（四）兩位資優自學生都喜歡以合作的方式共同完成任務或解決問題；（五）自學後兩位資優自學生學習表現都有所進步，對自我的評價也越來越正向；（六）資優自學生自述自學讓自己更正向，對於自我學習也有更高的掌握度。綜合上述結果，歸納資優自學生之自我概念的樣貌與影響因素，並就家長、學校、未來研究方面提出建議。

關鍵字

資優自學生；自我概念；影響因素

並列摘要

This research explores and organizes the definition and theories of self-concept through literature, and explores the characteristics of students' self-concept shown in previous studies. To explore the content and characteristics of homeschooling gifted students' self-concept, and to understand the influence of homeschooling on gifted students' self-concept. This research adopts qualitative research methods and interviews two homeschooling gifted students of elementary school and their significant other. The two gifted students are a male and a female and the significant others are their main caregivers, teachers, and peers. The interview outline uses five items as the basic structure for data analysis (1) To one's own physical traits (2) To one's own abilities and achievements (3) To one's personality traits (4) Acceptance to the outside world (5) Your own value system and beliefs. Researchers repeatedly consulted the comparative data and found the relationship in the data. Finally, construct a topic structure corresponding to the research question and research purpose. The findings in this study are as follow: 1.Characteristics of self-concept: According to the children's self-attitude questionnaire, the traits are divided into five levels. It is found that homeschooling gifted students can master their own advantages, think positively and focus on their superior abilities. 2.Influencing factors: Parents' upbringing attitudes provide support and company, so that homeschooling gifted students can bravely try new things. Based on the above results, it summarizes the characteristics and influencing factors of homeschooling gifted students' self-concept, and makes suggestions on parents, schools, and future research.