虻糞生產技術及其應用

The production technology and application of frass of black soldier fly

梁世祥(Shih-Hsiang Liang) ； 李佳馨(Chia-Xin Lee) ； 廖曉涵(Hsiao-Han Liao) ； 王思涵(Szu-Han Wang)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 141號 (2020/08) Pp. 67-75

摘要

前瞻性農業生物黑水虻（Black soldier fly，學名：Hermetia illucens）能將各種有機資源物轉變為更有價值的幼蟲生物質和虻糞。幼蟲生物質可做為動物性蛋白質資源應用，虻糞富含幼蟲蛻皮，為半醱酵腐熟的營養物質，是繼蚯蚓糞之後，可規模化生產的土壤改良資材。研究顯示虻糞的營養組成受有機資源物種類影響，其化學組成分析與市售堆肥僅在電導度、鈉和磷元素含量有顯著差異（p＜0.05）；進一步比較施用虻糞和化學肥料各半的處理組，與完全施用化學肥料的對照組，在甘蔗產量上並沒有顯著差異。虻糞由於仍具營養成分和豐富微生物菌相，做為水產動物吳郭魚（Tilapia）的飼料原料，添加比例可達飼糧之30%，能增加幼魚的成長速率、蛋白質利用率、提升吳郭魚免疫能力、增加吳郭魚對黃桿菌和豬鏈球菌的抵抗力等。虻糞會隨著餵養黑水虻食物材料基質的不同，具有不同的料源特性，依其料源特性可利用做為肥料化、能源化、材料化和飼料化之應用。透過現有資料的整理，釐清虻糞本身的特性與應用的優缺點，期望能做為未來深入研發虻糞應用。

關鍵字

黑水虻 ； 虻糞 ； 土壤改良資材

並列摘要

The forward looking agricultural creature black soldier fly can transform various organic resources into more valuable larval biomass and frass. The larval biomass can be used as an animal protein resource. The frass was rich in larvae molting and was a semi-fermented nutrient substance. The frass was a soil improvement material that can be produced on a large scale after earthworm compost. The studies have shown that the nutrient composition of frass was affected by the types of organic resources, and its chemical composition analysis was significantly different from that of commercially compost only in electrical conductivity, sodium and phosphorus content. Compare the treatment groups that use frass and chemical fertilizer with half that was no significant difference in sugarcane yield with control group completely applied with chemical fertilizers. The frass has rich microbial phase and nutrient content that was used as a feed composition for aquatic animal tilapia. The application ratio of frass can reach 30%, which can improve the growth and protein utilization rate of juvenile fish and promote tilapia innate immune system activity. Increase the resistance of tilapia to Flavobacterium columnare and Streptococcus iniae infections. The frass will have different material source characteristics according to the different food material substrates, and can be used as fertilizer, energy, material and feed application according to the characteristics of the material source.

並列關鍵字

Black soldier fly ； Frass ； Soil improvement material