臺中區農業改良場場區動物資源調查及生態友善棲地營造

Surveying of Animal Resources and Creation of Eco-friendly Habitats at the Experimental Field of Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station

于逸知(Yi-Chih, Yu) ； 廖君達(Chung-Ta, Liao)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 144號 (2021/09) Pp. 102-117

摘要

本研究以行政院農業委員會臺中區農業改良場位於彰化縣大村鄉的試驗田，作為西部平原地區動物資源調查及生態友善棲地營造的場域。場區內記錄了昆蟲類47種、兩生類4種、爬蟲類8種、鳥類60種、哺乳類3種及其他動物5種。其中，鴛鴦、彩鷸、鳳頭蒼鷹、黑翅鳶、紅隼及領角鴞等6種鳥類為保育類第Ⅱ級。於場區設置倒木棲地保留區，提供小型動物棲息、庇護及繁殖之用，記錄到24種動物，顯示倒木棲地保留區發揮預期的生態功能。另設置獨居蜂人造巢箱，觀察到2種獨居蜂與5種小型動物利用此巢箱。棲架結合縮時攝影機可記錄到24種鳥類會停駐於棲架，其中，偏好捕食田間野鼠的黑翅鳶停駐於棲架的主要時段為07:00～08:00（15.1%）、06:00～07:00（13.1%）及16:00～17:00（12.7%）；記錄到在棲架上取食野鼠的時段包括05:00～06:00、06:00～07:00、17:00～18:00及18:00～19:00等。於水稻第2期作收割後，稻田進行部分翻耕及湛水，可吸引鷹斑鷸、長趾濱鷸、小環頸鴴、東方黃鶺鴒等冬候鳥前來覓食，營造適合鳥類棲息的環境。

關鍵字

農田 ； 動物資源 ； 生物多樣性 ； 棲地營造

並列摘要

In this study, the experimental field of Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station located in Dacun Township, Changhua County which were did as animal resources survey and eco-friendly habitat creation for western plain area. Forty-seven insects, four amphibians, eight reptiles, sixty birds, three mammals and five other animals were recorded in this area. Among those species, six bird species included Aix galericulata, Rostretula benghalensis, Accipiter trivirgatus, Elanus caeruleus, Falco tinnunculus and Otus lettia belonged to category Ⅱ protected species. The fallen wood habitat reserved area was set up to offer small animals for live, shield and breeding, and there are twenty-four species were recorded, it shown that expected ecological function. The solitary bee artificial nest box had been installed, there are two solitary bees and five small animals had been observed to use nest box. The perch binding camera had been recorded twenty-four birds stand on perch. The black-winged kite (E. caeruleus) is primarily rodent hunter, which prefer to stand on perch time interval included 07:00 to 08:00 (15.1%), 06:00 to 07:00 (13.1%) and 16:00 to 17:00, respectively. Furthermore, the time intervals of the kite search for prey from the perch and catch rodent back to perch and feed it included 05:00 to 06:00, 06:00 to 07:00, 17:00 to 18:00 and 18:00 to 19:00, etc. After harvesting on the second cropping season of rice, plowing part of the field and flooding, it could attractive many winter birds looking for food, included Tringa glareola, Calidris subminuta, Charadrius dubius and Motacilla tschutschensis, etc., which created suitable habitat environment for birds.

並列關鍵字

Farmland ； Animal resources ； Biodiversity ； Habitat creation