「開鎮」故事的塑造－以嘉興府濮院鎮為例

The Creation of Town Foundation Legends: A Case Study of Puyuan Town, Jiaxing Prefecture

潘弘斐(Hongfei Pan)

《歷史人類學學刊》 8卷2期 (2010/10) Pp. 113-151

摘要

本文以嘉興府濮院鎮為例，對濮院數部鎮志進行細緻梳理，特別是對《濮川志略》進行深入剖析，從而描繪了有關濮院開鎮的兩個故事－「鳳棲梧桐」和「御賜鐵券」創造的背景和過程。通過對濮氏創作「開鎮」故事動因的分析，窺視多姓共同管理市鎮的權力格局，在明中期受到來自元代巨族「後裔」的挑戰，上演了新的地方利益爭奪戰的「實景」，進而重新認識明清時期江南市鎮發展中「建鎮」模式漸趨同一這一現象，及其背後所反映的社會經濟的變遷。

關鍵字

江南 ； 市鎮 ； 濮院

並列摘要

This paper is a case study of the legends of town foundation of Puyuan town, Jiaxing prefecture , Zhejiang. It analyzes multiple editions of the town gazetteer, in particular the Abbreviated Record of Puchuan (Puchuan Zhilue) , in order to explore the background and formation process of two distinct versions of the legend of the town's founding-one revolving around a phoenix alighting on a parasol tree, the other of the emperor bestowing an iron tally. By analysing the motivations behind the creation of town foundation legends by members of the Pu surname, the paper shows how the multi- surname collective management of the town was challenged in mid-Ming by the descendants of a powerful lineage from the Yuan, and how foundation legends served as a new arena for the contestation of local power. This leads to a new understanding of the trend towards rising uniformity in town development models among market towns in Jiangnan in Ming and Qing, as well as of the underlying social and economic changes.

並列關鍵字

Jiangnan ； market towns ； Puyuan