教改與布袋戲「新」表演場域的出現－以臺中木偶劇團演出為主的探討

Educational Reform and the Emergence of New Performance Field of Glove Puppet-Take the Performance of Taichung Puppet Theatre as an Example

陳志昌(Chen Chih-Chang)

《通識教育與多元文化學報》 9期 (2020/12) Pp. 47-65

摘要

臺灣的布袋戲自1970年代電視普及以及休閒活動多元化後，表演機會不斷減少，表演場域也逐漸萎縮。因此如何增加布袋戲演出機會，拓展表演場域，讓布袋戲繼續傳承、發展，成為布袋戲業界的重要課題。本文針對成功將表演場域拓展至校園演出的「臺中木偶劇團」做個案研究，發現臺灣教育改革無形中提供布袋戲劇團一種「新」型態表演場域。過去校園演出以「薪傳」與「保存」為主軸，臺灣教改開放教師自主選用教科書，出版社為求教科書得到教師採用，額外提供許多服務，例如課外活動、民俗演出等，以吸引教師目光，布袋戲教學活動則是這些活動選項之一。故校園對布袋戲劇團而言，除作為傳統薪傳表演外，已成為具商業性質的「新」表演場域。做為出版商提供的活動之一，臺中木偶劇團如何成為出版商選項，延請其至校園演出？透過本文分析研究發現，臺中木偶劇團運用傳統技法與創新表演方式，在過去與父兄建立的校園演出基礎上做調整，建立其在校園場域表演的「布袋戲學堂」演出模式，並獲得學校師生喜愛，進而獲得教科書出版商青睞，延請其持續演出。臺中木偶劇團兼具創新與傳承的「文創表演型態」成功跨足校園場域的經驗，可做為布袋戲產業界經驗傳承與借鏡。

關鍵字

布袋戲 ； 傳統表演藝術 ； 表演場域 ； 臺中木偶劇團

並列摘要

In 1970s since the television popularization and leisure activities getting more and more in Taiwan, the performance of the Glove puppet has been decreasing, the performance field is also shrinking. So how to increase the performance chance of the Glove puppet and how to let the Glove puppet inherit and develop, become an important topic in the Glove puppet's industry. This article is a case study of the ＂Taichung Puppet Theatre ＂ that has been successfully extended to campus performances. Through the analysis of the Taiwan education reform system, we can see that Taiwan's educational reforms have enabled teachers to choose textbooks by theirself, opening the opportunity for puppets to enter the campus, give the opportunity for the Glove puppet to enter the campus area. Textbook publishers hope that textbooks will be adopted by teachers, providing many extracurricular activities to attract teachers' attention, and Glove Puppet activity is one of these activities. The Taichung Puppet Theatre uses traditional techniques and innovative performances to create a unique performance mode ＂Puppet Theatre School＂ for the campus performance field, and greatly welcomed by teachers and students. The successful experience of the Taichung Puppet Theatre can be treated as an experience inheritance for the puppet industry.

並列關鍵字

Glove Puppet ； Traditional performing arts ； Performance field ； Taichung Puppet Theatre