從耶穌最後一哩路的人生經歷建構教牧臨終關懷實踐的策略

Learning from the Last Stage of Jesus' Life to Construct Strategy of Implementing Pastoral Care for the End-of-Life

黃麗慧(Lydia Li Hui Huang)

《浸神學刊》 2021年20期 (2021/12) Pp. 57-89

摘要

臨終關懷是教會重要的牧養事工。教牧人員不僅要覺察自己的臨終神學，承擔教導生命議題的責任，並要有知能實踐臨終關懷。本文透過耶穌生平最後一哩路的紀載，回顧耶穌面對死亡即將到來的禱告、十架上承受酷刑的遺言、及最後勝過死亡榮耀復活三階段的心路歷程與歷史意義，並建構教牧臨終關懷實踐的策略。經研究發現，在面對臨終與死亡的過程中，耶穌曾親自體驗身體、心理、社交和靈性等人性的痛苦。祂的經歷解釋了現代臨終關懷常見的需求與議題。雖然教牧臨終關懷關注全人需求，但是以靈性為焦點。因此，跨宗教靈性關懷五面三階的臨床關懷模式，可以成為教會實踐教牧臨終關懷的參考。據此，教會建構臨終關懷策略不僅有根基、有方向，教牧人員實踐臨終關懷也可以有模式、有方法。

關鍵字

臨終關懷 ； 教牧關懷 ； 靈性關懷 ； 十架七言 ； 臨終 ； 靈性關懷模式

並列摘要

Pastoral care for the dying is a critical ministry in the church. Clergy must be aware of their own theology on dying, take responsibility to teach believers regarding life and death¸ and have competency to implement pastoral care for the dying. This study aimed to review four Gospels especially on Jesus' experiences before His death and to understand its historic meaning to construct the strategy of implementing pastoral care for the dying. Three stages of the last mile of Jesus' life were Prayer in Gethsemane Garden, Seven Words on the Cross, and Resurrection and Appearance. The study found that Jesus experienced total pain from physical, psychological, social, and spiritual hurt. Those experiences could also interpret and answer the common distresses of dying people today. Caring people for dying requires a holistic understanding but clergy would practice with a focus on spirituality. A clinical model for hospice care which is named 5F3S Interreligious Spiritual Care Model could be a good framework for the church to implement caring ministry for the dying. Based on the study, the church could establish not only a foundation but also a direction to construct the caring strategy of the ministry for the dying and their families.

並列關鍵字

End-of-Life Care ； Pastoral Care ； Spiritual Care ； Seven States on the Cross ； End-of-Life ； Spiritual Care Model