Since the 1920's, several social trends of thought, such as scientism and nationalism, have exploded, posing new challenges to the missionary medical enterprise in China. Influenced by many factors, Dr. Robert McClure (Luo Mingyuan in Chinese), from the Canadian Presbyterian Mission, established a rural medical system in Huaiqing, north Henan province. This system not only optimized the limited medical resources in north Henan to the greatest extent, but also received much attention from foreign missionaries in China. More importantly, the way in which McClure (Luo) dealt with traditional Chinese and Western medical resources enriched our understanding of the missionary medical enterprise.