日間照顧中心長者飲水量之可能影響因子探討

Associated Factors of Water Consumption Among the Elderly at the Day-Care Center

黃鈴君(Ling-Chun Huang) ； 張瑀恬(Yu-Tien Chang) ； 楊淑惠(Shwu-Huey Yang)

《臺灣膳食營養學雜誌》 12卷1期 (2020/06) Pp. 37-45

https://doi.org/10.6709/TJD.202006_12(1).0004

摘要

長者經常因疾病及身體機能變化等因素導致水分攝取不足，本研究探討日間照顧中心（以下簡稱中心）長者每日攝水狀況與飲水模式、咀嚼、吞嚥狀況觀察因素分析。在2017年7～8月收集北部某中心之長者照護紀錄，比較風味水（冬瓜麥仔茶）與白開水之飲水量，給水時間點與長者嗆咳狀況、餐飲選擇。以SPSS 21.0版進行Wilcoxon signed-rank test、the Friedman test、Mann-Whitney U test 等統計分析。本研究收集25位長者資料，8位男性（32%）與17位女性（68%）。長者每日總水量飲水達成率平均為83%，風味水與白開水飲水達成率分別為85%及81%，但無顯著差異（p = 0.06）。分析4個給水時間點，以9:30時段飲水量最多。分析長者嗆咳狀況與飲水達成率，結果無顯著相關性（p= 0.033），分析飲食質地以剪碎餐者飲水攝取量顯著高於細碎餐者（p ＜ 0.05）。飲水時間點在9:30時段攝取量最高，推估長者至中心到當日活動開始前，有較多時間可以飲用。口腔咀嚼能力較佳者也有較好的飲水狀況。建議於9:30時段增加供應水量，口腔咀嚼功能較差者應注意飲水量。

關鍵字

日間照顧中心 ； 長者 ； 風味水 ； 飲水達成率 ； 供水時間點

並列摘要

The insufficient water intake is common in the elderly. We aimed to explore the associated factors of water intake among the elderly at the day-care center. An observational study was conducted on 25 elderly people in a day care center in New Taipei City from July to August 2017. Data was collected using the care records including the consumption of flavored water (winter melon and wheat tea) and plain-boiled water, timing of water supply, and choking status. We calculated drinking water achievement rate is the ratio of drinking water to supply. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the Friedman test, Mann-Whitney U test were used to examine the associations by SPSS version 21.0. It is significant existed when p ＜ 0.05. Of all, 8 males (32%) and 17 females (68%). The average daily water drinking achievement rate of the elderly is 83%. There was no significant difference between drinking rate of flavored water (85%) and plain water (81%), p = 0.06. The elderly drink the most water at 9:30 AM. The plain water consumption was significantly higher in shredded diet than that in finely divided diet (p = 0.033). There was no significant difference between the choking status and the water drinking achievement. Water consumption was not differed between food textures. Diet type associates with water consumption. The elders mostly drink water before the receiving care.

並列關鍵字

day care center ； elderly ； flavored water ； drinking water achievement rate ； water supply time