十七群比丘考－以漢譯「根有部律」為基本資料

A Study of ＂Group-of-Seventeen-Monks＂: based on the Chinese Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya

屈大成(WUT Tai-shing)

《新亞學報》 38卷 (2021/08) Pp. 127-161

https://doi.org/10.6743/NAJ.202108_38.0003

摘要

十七群比丘如同六群比丘，在佛教傳統上，往往被視為劣僧的代表。六群比丘已引發不少討論，關於十七群比丘的資料則較少，專論亦絕無僅有。十七群比丘年少便發願出家，勝鬘夫人曾稱讚為難得的福田，但他們心志稚嫩，未適應刻苦的僧團生活，又跟較資深的六群比丘不和，令佛制立多戒，而各律典的記載亦有出入，值得對比考究。本文從文獻記載出發，以「根有部律」為基本資料，配合其他律書，試圖網羅最多資料，探討十七群比丘的背景資料、出家受戒、不當行為、制戒因緣、跟六群比丘的關係等，最後就律典編纂及僧團秩序兩方面作討論和提出一些觀察，期望有補於佛學研究的空白。

關鍵字

十七群比丘 ； 六群比丘 ； 根有部律 ； 戒律 ； 佛典結集

並列摘要

Like the Six Monks, the Seventeen Monks are always denounced as ＂bad monks＂ in the Buddhist tradition. The Six Monks have received much attention from Buddhist scholars, but not a single academic treatise has yet been written on the Seventeen Monks until now. This latter group of monks decided to be ordinated at a young age, and for that reason, Queen Śrīmālā praised them as a field of good fortune, However, in their immaturity, they were not able to adjust to the ascetic life of the Buddhist community and always got into dispute with the Six Monks. As a result, the Buddha prescribed rules to regulate their behaviors. Based on the Chinese Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya and other related materials, this article attempts to study the background of the Seventeen Monks, their ordination, the formulation of monastic precepts concerning their misbehaviors, their relationships with the Six Monks and other related questions, with the hope of offering insights on the compilation of Vinaya and the order of the Buddhist community.

並列關鍵字

the Seventeen Monks ； the Six Monks ； Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya ； monastic discipline ； compilation of Buddhist canons

參考文獻

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