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一個晚清州縣官眼裡和心中的「西方」

"The West" according to a late Qing local official

摘要


浙江山陰人杜鳳治,於同治、光緒年間曾在廣東任州縣官十幾年,留下一部三四百萬字的日記。日記中有不少對「西方」事物和「西人」的記載。杜鳳治曾兩任南海知縣共五年多,作為首縣知縣,是兩廣總督處理對外交涉的重要助手,日記記錄了不少交涉案例。觀察杜鳳治眼裡和心中的「西方」,可知他對「西方」事物有探求的願望,但又難於深入理解。他在同「西人」打交道時既害怕又無奈、憤懣的態度,以及處置中外交涉的某些手法,在晚清中下級官吏中,有一定的代表性。

並列摘要


Between the 1860s and the 1870s, Du Fengzhi, a native of Shanyin, spent more than a decade as a local official in Guangdong. His diaries, totaling around 3.5 million Chinese characters, were a valuable gold mine for historians. Du served as the Country Magistrare of Nanhai for five years. Since Nanhai was where the city of Guangzhou was located, Du found himself constantly involved in foreign affairs and diplomatic negotiations under the instructions of the Governor-General of Guangdong and Guangxi. Du's diaries reveal his ambivalent attitudes towards "the West". He was at once curious, frightened and hostile when dealing with foreign consuls or merchants. Du's attitudes towards "the West" were representative of those of the middle and low-ranking officials in late Qing.

參考文獻


杜鳳治,《望鳧行館宦粵日記》,收入《清代稿鈔本》,輯1,冊10-18,廣州:廣東人民出版社,2007。
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王爾敏,《清季兵工業的興起》,桂林:廣西師範大學出版社,2009。
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廣東省社會科學院歷史研究室、中國社會科學近代史研究所中華民國史研究室、中山大學歷史系孫中山研究室合編,《孫中山全集》,卷1,北京:中華書局,1981。

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