透過您的圖書館登入
IP:216.73.216.59
  • 期刊

由清華簡《四告》申論周人所言「懿德」的內涵

Of the virtue of self-denial (yide) in "The Four Instructions" of the Tsinghua Bamboo Stripes

摘要


「懿德」之說,常見於古文獻。過去一般都將「懿德」解釋為「美德」,向來沒有異議。清華簡《祭公之顧命》將「懿德」寫為「□(抑)德」,對瞭解「懿德」的本意甚有幫助。最近公佈的清華簡《四告》新見從壹從印(抑之初文)之字,而且與「德」搭配,整理者已正確指出當讀為「懿德」。本文通過對懿德」的「懿」的幾種寫法進行分析,並結合《四告》篇此字的其他用法,認為「懿德」不能泛泛理解為美德,而應該依照「抑德」去理解,其內涵實指「抑戒之德」。明乎此,對準確理解出土文獻和傳世文獻中相關的表達,甚至校釋古書,都很有作用。

並列摘要


Yide 懿德 is a common phrase in Classical Chinese texts. Hitherto, Yide is interpreted as "virtue" and there has been no controversy. However, in "The Will of Jigong" [Jigong zhi guming] of the Tsinghua Bamboo Stripes, Yide 懿德 is written as □德. In the newly published "The Four Instructions" of the Tsinghua Bamboo Stripes, there is a new version of the phrase in which the "yi" is written as a combination of 壹 and 印. This paper argues that Yide 懿德 should be interpreted as "the virtue of self-denial" rather than the "virtue". This new understanding enhances our knowledge of ancient Chinese texts.

參考文獻


《十三經注疏》整理委員會整理,《孟子注疏》,北京:北京大學出版社,2000.
《十三經注疏》整理委員會整理,《尚書正義》,北京:北京大學出版社,2000.
《十三經注疏》整理委員會整理,《春秋左傳正義》,北京:北京大學出版社,2000。
于省吾,《澤螺居詩經新證澤螺居楚辭新證》,北京:中華書局,1982。
于省吾,《雙劍誃詩經新證》,載「于省吾著作集」《雙劍誃尚書新證雙劍誃詩經新證雙劍誃易經新證》(北京:中華書局,2009)。

延伸閱讀