二戰時期高雄海軍水道踏查

An Investigation of Kaohsiung Naval Waterways during the World War II

廖德宗(Der-Tzong Liaw) ； 郭吉清(Chi-Ching Kuo)

《高雄文獻》 10卷1期 (2020/06) Pp. 72-108

摘要

國防部史政檔案中，1945年日本海軍物資接收目錄中留有高雄海軍水道的交接清冊，及模糊的水道幹管系統圖，而高雄煉油廠員工也流傳半屏山有地下水庫的傳說。2015年11月中油高雄煉油廠停工，2017年12月高雄市舊城文化協會與煉油廠員工，一同勘查半屏山地下水庫，證實文獻及傳說均是真的。這是戰後第一次正式組隊進入二戰時期的半屏山配水池，經媒體報導，引起文史界的震憾。本研究蒐集日本文獻，發現高雄警備府施設部（高雄海軍施設部）水道技師石井多三的遺稿，經過爬梳及實地踏查，逐漸解析出高雄海軍水道的架構及建造歷史，水道範圍除了大樹、仁武、左營主幹線之外，也送水至漯底山及岡山海軍航空隊，並特別為第六海軍燃料廠建造獨立的工業水道。此外在主幹道完成之前，在軍港周遭的內惟、廍後、右昌、岡山等地，已先行建造數個軍用的簡易水道。本研究依據高雄海軍水道幹管系統圖及石井多三的文字稿，進行水道設施的系統性踏查，清點既存設施，回復史實，以利後續文資保存。

關鍵字

高雄海軍水道 ； 半屏山配水池 ； 石井多三 ； 水源地

並列摘要

In the Ministry of Defense archive, there is a catalogue of facilities handed over from the Japanese Navy in 1945, and the naval waterways for drinking water in Kaohsiung and a fuzzy map of the waterway system are listed in it. The staff of Kaohsiung refinery also circulated a myth about an underground dam in the Banpingshan mountain. After the Kaohsiung refinery stopped operating in November 2015, the Old City Culture Association of Kaohsiung, along with some staff of the refinery, started an investigation in December 2017. They found the underground dam, formerly named Banpingshan distributing reservoir in the aforemetioned catalog, and proved that the myth is not just a myth. It was the first time after the World War II that an organization conducted an investigation of any kind in this area, and the discovery, as revealed in the media, shocked the circle of historians. In this paper, we studied the Japanese archive and found the remaining notes of Isshi Taizo, who was a specialist of waterway constructions in the Department of Construction of Kaohsiung Navy Base (Takao Kaigun shisetsu bu). After field work and archival research, we were able to parse out the construction history of the Kaohsiung naval waterways and its framework. The main waterways ran through Dashu, Renwu, and Zuoying; the system also pumped water to Leidishan mountain and the Naval Airforce in Gangshan and built an industrial waterway specifically for the Sixth Naval fuel plant. Before the main waterways were constructed, the Japanese had already built several makeshift waterways around the navy base for military uses in Neiwei, Buhou, Youchang, and Gangshan. Based on the notes of Ishii Taizo and the map of the waterway system, we conducted a systematic investigation of this waterway system, to identify the remaining facilities and their locations and to restore historical facts for the preservation of this cultural heritage in the future.

並列關鍵字

Kaohsiung Naval Waterways ； Banpingshan Distributing Reservoir ； Ishii Taizo ； Water Source Area