星雲大師的共生實踐－以「敬惜字紙」為例

Venerable Master Hsing Yun's Practice of Co-existence through Cherishing Written and Printed Papers

孫國柱(Sun Guozhu)

《《人間佛教叢書》2015星雲大師人間佛教理論實踐研究(下)》 2015 (2016/02) Pp. 60-89

摘要

本文從「敬惜字紙」現象入手，考察星雲大師的共生實踐。「敬惜字紙」，對於星雲大師影響甚巨：「常有信眾誇我很聰明，我認為我的聰明是從『惜字紙』而來。」這真是非常有趣的事情。然而，時過境遷，許多人對於「敬惜字紙」已經非常陌生，為此，第一部分回顧和梳理「敬惜字紙」的歷史源流，可以確定「敬惜字紙」是中華文明的優良傳統。第二部分，從「敬惜字紙」和「書香世界」兩個層面考察星雲大師的共生實踐。在「敬惜字紙」方面，星雲大師總結「回收廢紙」的四種主要意義，第一、養成勤儉的習慣。第二、培養惜福的觀念。第三、建立環保的共識。第四、共創整潔的環境。對此，本文主要詳細考察了培養「惜福」觀念的價值意義，可以這樣說，佛光山的「敬惜字紙」實踐是非常系統、深入和細緻的，故本文特地介紹佛光山「敬惜字紙」的具體實踐方法。在第三部分，從費孝通先生提出的文化自覺精神出發，結合佛光山「敬惜字紙」共生實踐，認為「敬惜字紙」能夠具有以下三種現代意義，它能夠為當今社會的人們提供一種惜福知足，簡單樸實，富貴文明的生活方式；在心靈環保、生態環保等群體性實踐中還能夠培養社會公德，「有公德心，才算有修養；有辨別力，才算有學問」，這是當今世界公民必備的素質；它能夠為形成一個可欲的「理想世界」提供切實可行的操作途徑。通過以上研究可知，雖然我們處於資訊時代，「敬惜字紙」作為一種優良傳統，不僅能夠在現代化條件下找到合適的發展方式，甚至等而上之，進行「化現代」的嘗試。

關鍵字

星雲大師 ； 共生 ； 敬惜字紙 ； 書香世界 ； 文化自覺

並列摘要

This paper discusses Venerable Master Hsing Yun's practice of cherishing written and printed papers as the actualization of his philosophy of ＂Oneness and Co-existence.＂ Venerable Master Hsing Yun attributes his intelligence to the practice of cherishing papers, a practice that is unfamiliar to most today. For this reason, the first section of this paper discusses the origin and development of the practice of cherishing written and printed papers as a tradition of Chinese culture. In the second section, the paper discusses the practicality of Venerable Master Hsing Yun's ＂Oneness and Co-existence＂ through the perspective of cherishing papers and the idea of having ＂a world filled with fragrance of books.＂ With respect to cherishing written and printed papers, Venerable Master Hsing Yun summarizes four main aspects: 1) to cultivate the habit of thriftiness and diligence; 2) to nurture gratitude for one's blessings; 3) to establish a common understanding on environmental conservation; and 4) to collectively build a clean environment. This section primarily investigates the values of cherishing one's blessings, as well as the systematic, in-depth, and meticulous practice of cherishing written and printed papers at Fo Guang Shan. The third section discusses the practice of ＂Oneness and Co-existence＂ and cherishing written and printed papers in dialogue with the spirit of cultural self-awareness as suggested by Fei Xiaotong. It is believed that the practice of cherishing these papers has three significances in modern society: 1) to provide society with a lifestyle of cherishing one's blessing through contentment, sincerity and honesty; 2) to provide a method of cultivating social morality in terms of spiritual preservation; and 3) the actualization of an ideal world through reliable means. Despite today's information age, this particular practice is still able to develop and can even transform modernization.

並列關鍵字

Venerable Master Hsing Yun ； oneness and co-existence ； cherishing written and printed papers ； a world filled with fragrance of books ； cultural awareness