A comparative study on Taiwanese and Chinese Occupational Safety and Health Protection on On-line Food Delivery Workers

Chey-Nan Hsieh ； Yantong Lu ； Yunhao Chuang ； Qin-yi Xu

《2020年第二十四屆全國科技法律研討會》 2020 (2020/12) Pp. 1-32

摘要

This paper tries to find out the measures governing Occupational Safety and Health Protection of online food delivery workers in Taiwan and China and understand the similarities and the differences of the protective measures which has been established for the on-line food delivery workers. The findings of the paper are the following: 1. In both Taiwan and China, until lately, neither any new legislation has been passed by Taiwan or Chinese legislative body for governing the related problems of online platform food delivery workers, nor the Ministry put out regulatory regulations to govern them. 2. Civil code and Labor Standards laws provide regulatory elements for governing the classification of the employment contract relationship and independent contractor relationship. 3. In both Taiwan and China, labor-standard-rule-avoiding practices of many employers have been commonly happening. 4. In terms of the service provided by the on-line food delivery workers, the classification line between the relationship of employer-employee or the relationship of customer-(independent)contractors is relatively blur. Standing labor laws, civil code and other sources of law set no clear distinction line for us to apply into real daily cases. 5. Based on control test, it is true that the ＂employment relationship＂ shall be applied in both Taiwan and China, when there is command and supervision from the operators as to the workers. However, how to define the concepts of ＂employee＂, ＂self-employee＂, ＂independent contractor＂ and ＂employer＂ in the instance of online platform, become a controversial issue and yet to be solved.

關鍵字

Occupational Safety and Health ； workers' compensation insurance ； compulsory automobile liability insurance ； on-line platform operator ； on-line food delivery workers

並列摘要

本文試圖找出台灣和中國大陸網路平台食品外送員的職業安全與衛生管理措施，並了解其網路平台食品外送員建立的保護措施的異同。本文的發現如下：1.在台灣和中國大陸，直到最近，台灣或中國立法機構都未通過任何新法律來規範網路平台食品外送員的相關問題，也未制定任何法規來規範這些平台。2.民法和勞動基準類法規之規範為區分僱傭契約關係和獨立承攬人關係的分類，提供了監管要素。3.在台灣和中國大陸，許多雇主都普遍有實施規避勞動基準規範的做法。4.就網路平台食品外送員提供的服務而言，雇主與僱員之間的關係，或客戶（獨立）承攬人之間的關係的分類相對模糊。現行的勞動法、民法和其他法律並沒有為適用於實際的日常案件，設定明確的區分界線。5.依據「指揮監督（控制）」的要件，在網路平台對勞工有命令和監督的情況下，確實在台灣和中國大陸都適用“勞動（僱傭）關係”。但是，如何在網路平台產業上定義「員工」、「自僱者」、「獨立承攬人」和「雇主」的概念，成為一個有爭議的問題，有待解決。

並列關鍵字

職業安全與衛生 ； 職災補償保險 ； 強制性汽車責任保險 ； 網路平台業者 ； 網路平台食品外送員