翻譯「人性」－利瑪竇《天主實義》中的人性論和修德說

Translating ＂Human Nature＂-Discourse on Human Nature and Self-cultivation in Matteo Ricci's T'ien-chu Shi-i

胡翠娥(HU, Cui'e) ； 任東升(REN, Dongsheng)

《譒》 創刊號 (2020/10) Pp. 25-37

摘要

利瑪竇在《天主實義》中首次把基於經院主義神哲學的人性論和功德論翻譯成明末文人習見的儒學辭彙，試圖調和中西人性論和修德說，但是這些明代文人所熟悉的語詞，講述的內容或者標同伐異，或者形同神異。如果立足於文化原教旨主義，似乎有充分的理由認為儒家的正統「性善論」和「性善論」被曲解和顛覆；但是如果立足於求同存異的文化交流，也可以說利瑪竇的論述拓展和豐富了儒家「性善論」和「修德說」未曾言說的內容和未曾切入的角度。

關鍵字

《天主實義》 ； 人性 ； 修德 ； 翻譯

並列摘要

In his Chinese book T'ien-chu Shi-i, Ricci for the first time managed to use Confucian stock terms to translate the discourse on human nature and merit in Western Scholasticism, attempting to invoke empathy and echo among Late Ming literati. However, these stock terms told quite a different story in terms of human nature and self-cultivation. From the perspective of culture fundamentalism, it seems with good reason that the Confucian orthodox theses of human nature being good and self-cultivation were misunderstood and upset; but from the perspective of cultural communication in its positive sense, Ricci's misreading has extended and enriched orthodox theses with subject and direction unsaid before in Confucian history.

並列關鍵字

T'ien-chu Shi-I ； human nature ； self-cultivation ； translation