都市大眾捷運系統公私合夥發展機制之研究

Urban Rapid Transit System Development with Public-Private-Partnership Mechanism

吳浩華(Hao-Hua Wu)

指導教授 ： 張學孔

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.00038

摘要

基於大眾運輸導向發展（Transit-Oriented Development, TOD）之政策發展理念，並藉由使用大眾運輸系統解決交通與都市發展的問題，已成為都市永續發展（Urban Sustainable Development）之世界新思維。
拜科技發展日新月異所賜，都市大眾捷運系統乃因應不同特性、不同型態與規模之都市多樣需求，發展輕軌捷運系統（Light Rail Transit, LRT）、公車捷運系統（Bus Rapid Transit, BRT）等都市大眾捷運系統，而非僅限於以往軌道技術為主之重軌捷運系統（Mass Rapid Transit, MRT）。因此，各都市應以其發展型態、當地文化、活動生態與環境涵構，選擇適宜的大眾捷運系統，透過都市系統運作生態與交通運輸發展共生共榮之循環與依存關係。進而提升各都市競爭力以形塑都市自明性（City Identity）。
鼓勵民間參與大眾運輸系統建設係我國政府近年來積極推動之重要政策，以公私合夥理念引進民間參與公共建設可降低政府財政負擔並有效率達成公共利益；由於民間企業具備有效率的經營管理與成本控制等優點，而政府則擁有行政權、立法權，且可提供公有土地與融資租稅優惠等資源；然而，如何結合前述之公、私部門優勢以達成公共利益為所應深思之課題。
由於捷運系統與地區發展之鏈結，通常具有互補性或相同目標，亦可能形成同一地區具有競合關係之公共建設。是故，欲於國內推行公私合夥機制，必須先由最根本的地區永續發展政策以及捷運系統建設生命週期之評估著手，藉由透過公私資源的整合以使社會效益極大化。
本研究檢視國內目前政策制度面發展公私合夥機制擬定與實際施行課題；並從捷運系統建設生命週期分析之觀點，分析各系統特性與公私合夥型態之結合，俾期能作為系統選擇與公私合夥策略評估之參考。據此，本研究以現行促參法財務可行性為探討議題，擬定「系統技術＋公私合夥模式」之整合評估架構，建立財務可行性評估機制，最後以淡海新市鎮聯外接駁系統之實證研究驗證該整合評估架構之實用性。

關鍵字

大眾捷運系統 ； 公私合夥 ； 方案評選

並列摘要

The urbanization of Taiwan along with its increasing motorization has given rise to numerous traffic problems. Therefore, meeting rising mobility needs has not only become a challenge but also an opportunity to look forward in establishing more sustainable means of transportation.
Moreover, in order to successfully achieve improvements in various aspects of rapid transit system services, there is a need to establish new guidelines in creating a comprehensive transportation network supported by all forms of public transportation. It must abide by the spirit of Transit-Oriented-Development (TOD), the primary aim of which is to establish suitable rapid transit system (RTS) integrated with land use and urban development.
The technology of the urban RTS has not been restricted to heavy rail-based Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) while it has evolved into a variety of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and Light Rail Transit (LRT) systems in order to meet diversified urban topologies and development plans. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) has played an important role in RTS construction. It has also been recognized in the PPP framework that the public sector can utilize the private sector's resources in delivering RTS while the private sector can operate RTS efficiently and provide services to maximize social welfare.
This study examines the relationships between various Rapid Transit systems and Public-Private-Partnership approaches. Specifically, financial mechanisms of the PPP are emphasized. The “Dan-Hai Access Transportation System Project” is used as case study to verify the proposed evaluation framework in which combinations of various PPP approaches and RTS alternatives are examined.

並列關鍵字

Urban Rapid Transit System ； PPP ； PFI ； Alternatives Analysis

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