全球各國之貧富不均現象: 關於全球化，科技進步與貨幣供應之研究

Analysis of income inequality: Globalization, Technological progress and Money Supply

李湛侃(Zhankan Li)

指導教授 ： 郭佳瑋

國立臺灣大學/管理學院/企業管理碩士專班/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201701292

摘要

本論文主要討論全球各國貧富差距問題。從第一次工業革命後期後期對於貧
富差距的批判和恐懼，到第二次世界大戰結束後大部分西方國家的貧富差距群出
現改善趨勢從而否定其危險性，到近50 年全球化興起貧富差距再度上揚，不同年
代，不同學派，不同政治思想對於貧富差距問題的觀點從未一致過。尤其是自1970
年後，各國基尼係數不斷上揚，對於其與全球化及科技發展的關係更是爭論不休。
本論文會專注在1970 年和2010 年之間數據，並把全球貧富不平等和國內貧富不
平等分開分析討論。本論文提出三個假設，認為貧富不平等的罪魁禍首為全球化，
科技發展和過量貨幣供應。本研究通過數據和回歸模型去分析和證明假設是否成
立。在最後根據分析結果，嘗試預測未來貧富不平等的走勢。

關鍵字

貧富差距 ； 工業革命 ； 全球化 ； 科技發展 ； 過量貨幣

並列摘要

Inequality level has been increasing after 1980 on global and national level. This study makes regression models in order to find out what forces drive the inequality between 1960 and 2010. Globalization process, Technology progress and Money Supply are hypothesized to be the main causes behind the increasing divergence in income distribution on both global and national level. On global level, data shows, among others, that not all developing countries have benefited from the globalization process and the worldwide wealth increase is partly created by increase in money supply since 1970s. On national level, the study uses the USA, China and UK as samples for income distribution within countries. Results show, among others that, that even winners of globalization (e.g. USA and China) enjoy wealth increase, they also face increasing unequal income distribution between social classes within the country. Also, the increasing money in supply in US, UK and China has mainly benefited the high income class but not for the majority of the population due to inflation. Also a brief forecast about the future of income inequality is provided.

並列關鍵字

Income Inequality ； Industrial Revolution ； Globalization ； Technology progress ； Money Supply

參考文獻

[1] Allen,. Robert, 2009,. “Engels’ pause: Technical change, capital accumulation, and inequality in the British industrial revolution”. Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier

[3] Bourgiugnon, Francois and Christian Morrisson. 2002. “Inequality among World Citizens: 1820-1992.” American Economic Review 92(4)

[5] Deaton, Angus .2005. “Measuring Poverty in a Growing World (or Measuring Growth in a Poor World).” Review of Economics and Statistics

[6] Deaton, Angus . 2013 “The Great Escape and the Origins of Inequality.” Princeton University Press

[7] Ford, Martin,. 2015 “Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future” Translated by Common Wealth Magazine