環保豬舍溫度環境分析

有別於傳統開放式育成豬舍，環保豬舍©採用密閉式建築方法，單斜式屋頂、複層牆隔熱系統、僅南向立面開啟窗戶、高床式格柵地板飼養空間利於收集豬糞尿，以達到防疫期間阻隔傳染途徑的目的。豬隻沒有汗腺，需要靠體表散熱，故密閉式豬舍的最大課題便是透過物理手法降低二樓飼養空間的地面溫度，讓豬獲得最舒適環境。因環保豬舍©尚未能有機會實際建設做全尺寸實驗，故本研究先了解環保豬舍©外殼材料隔熱性能，再尋找近似的隔熱值建材，製成1/20 複層牆局部模型、1/60單層牆全棟模型進行熱流試驗。分為置於陽光下曝曬與室內環境進行，探討建築外殼吸熱後對內部溫度的影響、裝設機械排風後對室內降溫的效果。從實驗結果可得外氣溫度35℃時外殼充分吸熱最高可達50℃，二樓地面最高溫亦達39℃。在1/20 縮尺模型中空氣層僅2 公分，便有10℃的隔熱效果，若放至原尺寸40 公分空氣層，可達到更佳隔熱效果降低室內溫度。機械風機對室內熱氣有一定排除效果，雖不能有效降低內部環境溫度，卻能讓地面升溫速度延遲。搭配更多屋頂外遮陽、外部環境風的流通帶走外殼熱能，皆能讓室內溫度有效降低。本研究僅針對熱一項目作探討，後續研究若能將濕度、粉塵等項目加入實驗變因，或能更清晰建構密閉式環保豬舍©的內部氣流環境。

關鍵字

密閉式豬舍；環保豬舍；節能建築；熱模擬；隔熱性能

並列摘要

Different from the traditional open rearing pig house, the eco-pig house adopts a closed construction method, with a mono-sloping roof, a multi-layer wall insulation system, only the south-facing facade with opening windows, and a high-rise grille floor feeding space is conducive to collecting pig manure and urine, in order to achieve the purpose of blocking the infection and disease. Pigs do not have sweat glands and need to rely on body surface to dissipate heat. Therefore, the primary task in a closed pig house is to reduce the temperature on the second floor through physical methods, so that the pigs could have more comfortable environment. Since the eco-pig house does not have the opportunity to actually construct a full-scale experiment, this research knowledges the thermal insulation performance of the eco-pig house outer wall material at first, and looks for building materials with an approximate insulation value to make a 1/20 multi-layer wall partial model, 1/60 single-layer wall whole building model for heat flow experiment. It is divided into exposure in the sun and indoor environment to discuss the influence of the outer wall on the internal temperature after the heat is absorbed, and the effect of the installation of mechanical exhaust on the indoor temperature. From the experimental results, it can be seen that when the outside air temperature is 35°C, the outer wall can fully absorb heat up to 50°C, and the highest temperature on the second floor is 39°C. In the 1/20 scale model, the airspace is only 2 cm, and it has a 10°C heat insulation effect. If it is placed in the original size 40 cm airspace, it could reduce much more the indoor temperature. The mechanical fan has a certain effect on eliminating indoor hot air. Although it cannot effectively reduce the inner temperature, but could delay the ground heating rate. With more external shading on the roof and the circulation of external ambient wind to take away the heat energy of the outer wall, the indoor temperature could be effectively reduced. This research only focuses on the heat one project, recommend the follow-up research might consider humidity, dust and other issues into the experimental variables, it may be able to construct a clearer internal airflow environment in a closed eco-pig house.