經濟成長、空氣汙染與疾病

本研究探討台灣肺腺癌及心血管疾病發生的決定因素，樣本期間為2002年至2016年，應用國健局提供承保抽樣歸人檔（LHID2000）及2009年增加樣本人數資料，共發布100萬人資料，進行Probit Model迴歸分析。主要研究發現是影響台灣心血管疾病發生的主要可能因素為生物性變數（包括年齡、性別-男性）、總體經濟變數（包括經濟成長率-GDP年增率、製造業廠商家數）及環境變數（細懸浮微PM 10）。而影響台灣肺腺癌發生的主要可能因素為生物性變數（包括性別-女性、年齡）、總體經濟變數（包括GDP金額、製造業廠商家數）及環境變數（細懸浮微PM 2.5）。隨著年齡的增長，疾病發生率隨之增加。男性原就為心肌梗塞和心臟衰竭的危險因子之一，而女性的確比男性更容易罹患肺腺癌。

關鍵字

肺腺癌；心血管疾病； Probit Model ；性別；年齡；細懸浮微；經濟成長

並列摘要

This study investigates the macroeconomic and air pollutant determinants of lung adenocarcinoma and cardiovascular diseases in Taiwan. Based on the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID2000) from 2002 to 2016 and additional data of 2009 from Ministry of Health and Welfare, we totally enrolled two million subjects for the empirical study. We identify the specific biological factor (sex and age), macroeconomic variables (gross domestic product [GDP], industrial firms etc.), and environmental variables (particular matter less than 10 and 2.5 [PM10 and 2.5], atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration etc.) associated with the incidence of lung adenocarcinoma and cardiovascular disease during 2002 and 2016. 　　　Utilizing the Probit model and linear regression analysis, we found that male sex, older age, the average annual GDP growth rate, industrial firms and PM 10 are significantly associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, female sex, older age, GDP level, industrial firms and PM 2.5 are significantly associated with the incidence of lung adenocarcinoma. 　　Older age, male sex, and PM10 are related to higher risk of cardiovascular disease, while female sex and PM 2.5 are related to lung adenocarcinoma, which is consistent with previous studies.