論地理來源標示——以標章法為中心

A Study on the Legal Protection of Indications of Geographical Origin in Trademark Law

黃千娟(Chien-Chuan Huang)

指導教授 ： 黃銘傑

國立臺灣大學/法律學院/法律學研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.00315

摘要

國際間地理來源標示之保護主要係從從巴黎公約開展，其間歷經馬德里協定及里斯本協定，並在歐盟的強勢主張下，發展出不同的地理來源標示類型。於我國，關於地理來源標示之保護主要係為符合TRIPs的標準——「為辦別一項商品標示係產自一會員之領域，或其領域內之某一地區或地點，且該商品之特定品質，聲譽或其他性質，根本上係來自於原產地者。」 惟地理來源標示與商標有其性質上之不同，例如：權利成立要件、指向商品多元性、獨立權或分享權等，我國法上，基此而產生許多爭議。
本論文試由立法面——我國應否新增獨立地理標章登記系統、法律制定面——產地證明標章及產地團體商標規定之必要性及法律適用面——產地證明標章如何適用商標法第94條「依其性質準用商標法規定」，以此三角度研究地理來源標示權。

關鍵字

地理來源標示 ； 地理標示 ； 地證明標章 ； 產地團體商標 ； 農產品與食品地理標示和原產地命名保護規章

並列摘要

The protection of international indications of geographical origin mainly started from “Paris Convention”, went through “Madrid Agreement” and “Lisbon Treaty”, and was developed into different kinds of geographical origin marks under the propositions of EU. In our country, the protection of indications of geographical origin is mainly to meet the standard of TRIPS—Geographical indications are, for the purposes of this Agreement, indications which identify a good as originating in the territory of a Member, or a region or locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin. There are differences in characteristics between the geographical indications and the trademark, such as the essential elements of rights, product diversity, right of independence or right of sharing, etc. Based on this, there are many disputes in our national law.

This article tried to study the mark rights of geographical origin from the following 3 aspects. In legislative level, whether our country should build the registry system of independent geographic indications. In law-making level, the necessity of certification marks of origin and collective marks of origin provisions. In the application of law, how are the certification marks of origin suitable for the article 94 of Trademark Act “The characteristics shall be applied mutatis mutandis in Trademark Act”.

並列關鍵字

Indications of Geographical Origin ； Geographical Indications ； Certification Marks of Origin ； Collective Marks of Origin ； Council Regulation on the Protection of Geographical Indications and Designations of Origin for Agricultural Products and Foodstuffs

參考文獻

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