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  • 學位論文

馬祖機場興建之公共選擇理論分析

A Public Choice Theory Analysis of Airport Location Selection in Matsu

指導教授 : 江瑞祥
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摘要


本研究係以公共選擇之理論意涵,做為馬祖機場選址個案決策之探討,藉由蒐集分析各種文獻,並以深度訪談方法進行研究,探討環境系絡與多元參與者在政策發展過程中交互影響的情形。 本研究將馬祖機場興建歷程分為三階段,第一階段是1988至1994年,爭論核心為馬祖首座民用機場應興建於何處。第二階段是1994年至2003年,北竿機場整建啟用後,應擴建北竿機場或新建南竿機場則為第此政策階段爭論的核心。第三階段則是2003年南竿機場完工營運後,馬祖同時有兩座機場並存,兩座機場未來的存廢爭議,則是第三階段的爭論重點。 根據訪談實證發現,馬祖機場政策如從效率觀點而論,政府於距離約僅3公里的南、北竿兩島分別興建機場,確實發生政府失靈現象,其產生原因可能為:一、政治與行政無法切割,公共政策具有政治性;二、政治場域市場化傾向,公共政策成為選票交換之政治商品;三、政府可能基於其他更高價值之政策原則,而造成政府失靈;四、政府為解決特殊時空環境問題而制定公共政策,但時空條件改變後,由於公共建設成本過高與政治難題風險,政府選擇繼續維持現狀。 本研究認為馬祖機場政策是一種「理性的無效率」,其過程受到政治高度影響,因此未來馬祖兩座機場之存廢,本研究預測亦將受到政治影響,難以完全依機場專業規劃進行改善或存廢之選擇。就算兩座機場營運為無效率,十年內政府仍將基於效率以外的其他政策原則,不會做出停廢其中一座機場之決定。

並列摘要


This study applies the theoretical implications of public choice theory by using in-depth interview methods to analyze the decision-making for the location of Matsu Airport and examines the interaction of structural factors and actors in the political development process. This thesis will analyze the construction progress of Matsu's airports in three sections. The first section of this study focuses on the choice of location for Matsu’s first civilian airport, which was built between 1988 and 1994. The second part examines whether it was necessary to add an extension to Beigan Airport or to build a new airport in Nangan after the completion of Beigan Airport, which was constructed between 1994 to 2003. The third part discusses the completion of the construction of Nangan Airport in 2003 and the co-existence of two airports in Matsu. Finally, the research analyzes the controversial question of whether to close one of Matsu's airports. The empirical findings of this study, based on numerous interviews, suggest that from an efficiency point of view, Matsu's airport policy demonstrates the phenomenon of government failure. Matsu's Nangan Airport and Beigan Airport are separated by a distance of only 3 kilometers. Several factors lead to this policy failure. First, policy and administration influence one another; politics is a key feature of the public policy process. Second, elections are an important factor which influences market orientation in public policy. Third, “government failure” is unavoidable because some values are more important than efficiency. Fourth, some public construction decisions are based on specific environmental issues which are difficult to modify quickly due to economic and political reasons. As the Matsu airport construction process is a “rational inefficiency” influenced by politics, this thesis attempts to predict whether a plan to enlarge or abolish Matsu Airport will continue to be influenced by politics. It is difficult to envision a rational airport plan in the future. It is likely that in 10 years the central government will not have chosen to abolish one of the two airports because it believes that efficiency is not as important as other political goals.

參考文獻


宋志富,1994e,〈專訪議長陳振清,談現階段努力方向〉,馬祖日報,8/27,第2版。
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被引用紀錄


邱祖顥(2017)。民主化後的馬祖地方政治生態與地方政治菁英的動員、經營與結盟〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU201700709

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