延遲任務之工作步調與創造性績效之關聯性：創造性挑戰壓力之歷程模型

實務界中常認為延遲工作任務會導致負向結果，但也發現有時候延遲工作任務亦可能導致正向結果，特別是創造力；可惜的是，過去僅有少數研究針對工作步調與創造力領域相關變項之關聯性進行探討，目前並無針對員工延遲任務的工作步調（即死線型、U型）與創造性績效關聯的實徵研究，本研究為了補足上述缺口，採用挑戰型壓力的觀點，說明相較於穩定的工作步調，延遲任務的工作步調會透過創造性挑戰壓力與創造力過程投入的中介歷程，產生創造性績效；本研究最終提出創造性挑戰壓力之投入歷程模型，為一連續中介的模型，來連結延遲任務的工作步調與創造性績效之關係。本研究選取跨產業樣本，採用主管與部屬的配對問卷，總計回收189筆有效對偶資料。結果顯示（1）U型步調分數高的員工與創造性挑戰壓力具有正向的影響關係，死線型步調與穩定型步調對創造性挑戰壓力則無影響關係；（2）創造性挑戰壓力會透過創造力過程投入，正向影響其創造性績效；（3）U型步調分數高的員工會透過創造性挑戰壓力之投入歷程（創造性挑戰壓力與創造力過程投入），正向影響其創造性績效，死線型步調與穩定型步調則無此預測效果。最後，本研究將針對此結果進行討論，並加以說明研究貢獻、限制以及未來研究方向。

關鍵字

延遲任務之工作步調(死線型、U型) ；創造性績效；創造性挑戰壓力；創造力過程投入

並列摘要

Postponing tasks, one of the pacing styles, is usually considered to cause negative consequences, but it may sometimes have positive effects, especially on creativity. Unfortunately, no empirical study investigates the relationship between pacing styles of postponing tasks (deadline style & U-shaped style) and creative performance (CP), with only few studies examining the effect of pacing styles on creative-related variables. In order to fill the research gap, the present study drew on the perspective of challenge stress to elucidate that, relative to steady style, deadline style and U-shaped style have positive influences on CP through creative challenge stress (CCS) and creative process engagement (CPE). Accordingly, we proposed a process model of creative challenge stress which is a serial mediation model and can link postponing tasks and creative performance. Based on a sample of 189 supervisor-subordinate dyads, the results showed that (1) Higher degree of the U-shaped style produces higher level of creative challenge stress, but the degree of the deadline style and the steady style has no significant relationship with CCS. (2) CCS positively influences CP through CPE. (3) The degree of the U-shaped style positively influences CP through the process of creative challenge stress (CCS & CPE), but the degree of the deadline style does not undergo such a process. In the end, the implications of results, theoretical and practical contributions are discussed. Limitations and future research directions are also offered.

並列關鍵字

pacing styles of postponing tasks (deadline style & U-shaped style) ； creative performance ； creative challenge stress ； creative process engagement

參考文獻

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