接受卵子冷凍療程婦女之經驗歷程

研究背景近年來，隨著社會風氣強調兩性平權，國內女性持續有不婚、晚婚與晚育的趨勢，媒體紛傳多位女明星凍卵的報導，使得凍卵議題逐漸在網路發酵。而國內目前生殖醫學的醫療照護與研究多是針對不孕症夫妻，使得這些接受卵子冷凍婦女身處以試管嬰兒療程為主的醫療環境，所接觸到的醫療作業及臨床照護皆是依附在試管嬰兒療程之下，這些凍卵婦女生育能力保存的經驗及醫療照護需求似乎未被重視。研究目的本研究的目的為了解婦女接受卵子冷凍的經驗歷程。研究方法應用質性研究設計(Qualitative research design)分析接受卵子冷凍療程婦女之生命經驗。採立意選樣方式(Purposive sampling)選取個案，於北部某家醫學中心之生殖醫學中心收案，共36位接受卵子冷凍療程之婦女納入研究。研究者於療程諮詢即開始接觸受訪者，陪同完成取卵手術，最後確定取得的凍卵數當下，開始以半結構性、深入訪談的方式進行資料收集，探討婦女分享卵子冷凍療程的經驗脈絡；運用歸納方式，在沒有預設及預期下，找出受訪者真正的主觀感受和經驗以及所代表的真實意義。研究結果研究結果可歸納為三個概念主題及次主題如下：（一）影響凍卵決策的因素，包括生育對凍卵女性的意義、法令及社會文化影響、自主選擇生育、重要他人支持及生育功能與凍卵資訊取得。（二）經歷療程的感受，包括日常生活受到干擾、凍卵隱私的困擾、高額醫療成本支出、凍卵機構的選擇、療程相關的侵入性醫療、對療程藥物的身體反應、凍卵結果揭曉的那一刻及凍卵後的心境。（三）對醫療照護的需求，包括凍卵諮詢與資訊提供、凍卵婦女友善醫療環境、療程衛教方式與效用。結論本研究呈現凍卵婦女在療程的經歷與反應，提供社會及醫療專業人員更廣泛及深入的了解，以擴展對凍卵婦女生活經驗的認識。使得醫療專業人員能夠了解影響婦女凍卵決策的因素，整個療程的照護需求與適應過程，以提供一個友善正面的醫療環境，改善療程諮詢、衛教指導及醫療作業等，做到以「婦女為中心」的照護。並讓國內因應少子化及生育政策上，提供保護女性生育功能與單親生育選擇的不同觀點，以做為提供社會心理健康及相關政策改變的知識基礎。

關鍵字

凍卵；卵子冷凍；社交性卵子冷凍；生育保存；不孕

並列摘要

Background: With the social trend of gender equality in recent years, many domestic women tend to have non-marriage, late marriage or late childbearing. The media has reported a couple of female stars undergoing egg freezing. Therefore, egg freezing gradually becomes a popular issue in the network. At present, clinical care and research of reproductive medicine in Taiwan are mainly focused on infertile couples, so the treatment course of egg freezing is based on the artificial reproductive therapy. The special medical needs of egg freezing seem to be ignored and lack experiences. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the experience of women undergoing egg freezing. Methods: This study adopted qualitative research design to analyze the experience of egg freezing. A total of 36 women with egg freezing in a medical center in north Taiwan were enrolled in the study via purposive sampling. We contacted the interviewees after the treatment consultation, accompanied the operation of egg retrieval, and collected the data by semi-structured in-depth interviews. The inductive method was used to identify their true subjective feelings and experiences. Result: Three themes and sub-themes were proposed to characterize the experiences of egg freezing: (1) factors that affect the decision of egg freezing, including socio-cultural influences, autonomy of fertility, support of intimates, and access to the information; (2) experiences of the treatment courses, including disturbance of daily life, privacy of freezing eggs, high medical costs, choice of egg-freezing institution, invasive procedures, adverse reactions to the medication, announcement of the result of egg freezing, and mind after egg freezing; (3) needs for medical care, including consultation and friendly environment of treatment courses. Conclusion: This study presented the experiences of egg freezing and provided a broader and in-depth information for the society and medical staff. The findings would encourage the medical staff to have an open mind about the experiences of egg freezing and develop a friendly medical environment for these women. The ultimate goal of this study is to promote mutual trust in healthcare relationships and achieve "female-oriented" healthcare.