整合避障與車輛穩定之主動安全控制策略研究

本研究主要目標在於建立一套整合避障策略與車輛穩定策略之主動安全控制策略，可作為駕駛輔助技術應用於智慧三輪車輛上，使其在時速50公里以下擁有主動循跡轉向及主動煞停避障功能。本策略除了建立避障控制所需之情境判斷與操作決策流程以及路徑循跡控制方法外，可針對車輛與障礙物間距離以及相對速度，藉由調整控制參數，規劃多條轉向避障路徑。並整合車輛穩定策略包含防滑煞車控制、翻覆偵測警示與車輛轉向動態控制，以提升車輛於循跡避障過程之穩定性。本研究首先利用MATLAB/Simulink建立控制策略模型，搭配以CarSim軟體建立之車輛動態模型進行模型迴路模擬( MIL )驗證與策略參數調整，並透過實車測試數據調整車輛模型動態特性。接著將控制策略利用可程式控制器MicroAutoBox進行硬體迴路模擬驗證( HIL )，探討控制策略之實時可行性與評估其使用效益。最後，透過整合避障策略與車輛穩定策略可以在主動煞停避障過程中，最多減少3.8公尺的煞車距離，以及在主動轉向避障過程中，增加駕駛者0.28秒以上的反應時間。

關鍵字

避障策略；主動轉向；主動煞停；車輛穩定控制；駕駛輔助技術

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to establish an active safety control strategy integrating obstacle avoidance and vehicle stability can be used as a driver assistance technology on an intelligent vehicle. We develop a tricycle equipped with active steering, lane tracking and active braking control to assist driver to dodge obstacle on the road or to stop the vehicle under 50km/h. This strategy not only consists of obstacle avoidance control including situation judgment flowchart with operational decision-making process and path following control method, but also can adjust the parametric path planning algorithm to plan several paths according to the distance and relative velocity between the vehicle and obstacle. And it integrates the vehicle stability strategy including anti-slip braking control, rollover detection warning and vehicle steering dynamic stability control in order to enhance the steadiness through the path tracking process. We establish the control strategy on MATLAB/Simulink and the vehicle dynamic model on CarSim to execute the Model-in-the-Loop simulation and parameter adjustment. And then we modify the dynamic characteristic of the vehicle model through experiment. After the completion of virtual validation, we compile the control strategy with programmable controller MicroAutoBox to conduct the Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation and to discuss the feasibility of strategy and the evaluation of its effectiveness. Last, this research proposes a control strategy integrating obstacle avoidance and vehicle stability which can lower the braking distance up to 3.8 m in active braking control and increase the reaction time at least 0.28 second for driver in active steering control.

並列關鍵字

obstacle avoidance control strategy ； active steering ； active braking ； vehicle stability control ； ADAS

參考文獻

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國際替代計量

整合避障與車輛穩定之主動安全控制策略研究

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