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  • 學位論文

電影著作權的保護及網路環境對其影響 —以中國視頻聚合APP深層連結為例

Protection of Film Works and the Influence of the Internet Environment - The Example of Chinese Video Aggregation Apps and Deep Linking

指導教授 : 謝銘洋

摘要


網路視聽媒體的發展過程,是不停地試探《著作權法》、《信息網路傳播權保護條例》權能邊界的過程,各種利用新技術或打著新技術創新名義的侵權行為(商業模式)層出不窮,其中深層連結的出現一方面為觀影者提供了極大的便利、產生了很大的市場需要,另一方面卻因為其無償使用被鏈網站的視頻資源并在整合後免費提供給觀影者,造成被鏈網站客戶點擊量減少廣告投放收益變少和伺服器帶寬壓力變大的多重壓力。中國作為第一個出現視頻聚合APP且發展極為迅速的國家,法律依據和司法審判都受到不小的挑戰。根據對視頻聚合APP不同身份的認定會出現直接侵權、共同侵權、侵害技術保護措施、不正當競爭等不一樣的審判,同時因為中國在著作權侵權中缺乏對間接侵權的規範,導致法律適用是模糊的,法官難以得出準確定論,因此筆者建議是將視頻聚合APP的行為認定為對信息網絡傳播權的直接侵害,且經營者具備主觀上之明知與故意,需要承擔損害賠償責任。其次,中國著作權法對於電影著作的定義落後,導致一些電影著作無法進入著作權的保護,應該修改其保護範圍之局限,採用「視聽著作」之概念,同時對電影著作權利人進行規範,明確作者的法律地位和製片人的產業地位。

並列摘要


The development of Internet audio-visual media has been a process of testing the boundaries of the Copyright Act and the Regulation on the Protection of the Right to Communicate Works to the Public over Information Networks. Infringing behaviors or business models using new technology or in the name of innovation emerge ceaselessly. Among these, the appearance of deep-linking brings enormous convenience to viewers and creates great market demand on the one hand, while on the other hand results in decreased user clicks, lower advertising earnings, increased server bandwidth and such multiple pressures for linked websites, because of uncompensated use of video resources freely provided to viewers after sorting. China, being where video aggregation applications (“apps”) first emerged and a country developing extremely quickly, has faced significant challenges therefrom to its legal foundation and judicial decision-making. Different views on the status of video aggregation apps can result in such differing findings as direct infringement, joint infringement, breach of technical protection measures, or unfair competition. At the same time, because China in the area of copyright infringement lacks provisions on indirect infringement, the application of the law is confused, and judges have difficulty reaching accurate conclusions. Therefore, the author suggests that the actions of video aggregation apps’ should be viewed as direct infringement of the information network distribution right, and that operators thereof, having objective knowledge and intent, must bear liability to compensate for damages. Secondly, China’s Copyright Law’s definition of film works is outdated, causing some film works to be unprotectable. The law should be amended to bring these within the scope of protection, adopting the concept of “audio-video work”, and at the same time rules introduced on the owners of rights to film works, to clarify the legal status of authors and property ownership of producers.

參考文獻


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