都會捷運系統施工補償政策之逆選擇分析

An Adverse Selection Analysis of Compensatory Policy on Metropolitan Mass Rapid Transit System Construction

馬永強(Yung-Chiang Ma)

指導教授 ： 江瑞祥

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/政治學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.01325

摘要

大眾運輸系統的開發為城市轉型的關鍵，但捷運的興建究竟是為民興利還是與民爭利，則仍有待研究與探討。傳統官僚體系在建置服務性設施或推動公共建設時，常畏於若過份強調負的外部性會抵減了工程效益而導致政策窒礙難行，故刻意隱瞞該負的外部性使得特定社群權益受害，也就是公部門的逆選擇作為損害了人民依法受保障的生存權與工作權，故政府應給予補償，以符合社會公平與程序正義的民主法制原則。
本研究從逆選擇的觀點，選定內湖捷運高架段為個案分析對象，以公共選擇與代理理論為基礎，藉深度訪談探求捷運發展各階段官僚決策仕紳化與逆選擇的事實，同時以田野調查的方式證實商家受害的程度，再參考國外公共工程補償兩側商家的實證文獻，綜合整理後提出研究建議，俾作為國內補償政策制定的依據。
然而補償終究是消極的作為，要徹底解決補償的問題，就必須從消弭逆選擇著手。
因此，本文針對捷運之可行性評估、細部設計、施工與營運管理等各階段之逆選擇起因加以分析，並提出策略分析與政策議決之建議，期望能作為日後公共政策決策時的參考，朝善治的目標邁進。

關鍵字

內湖捷運 ； 仕紳化 ； 逆選擇 ； 補償 ； 策略分析

並列摘要

While the development of mass rapid transit system is critical for the transformation of metropolitans, further research and discussion are required to determine if such construction project is beneficial or detrimental for the public overall. When attempting to implement a public structure or service, bureaucrats often neglect to mention the negative externalities in the fear that they might cause the abandoning of the proposed projects. This is known as adverse selection and often leads to social and economical loss for certain population group. As a result, government should compensate the victims in accordance to the democratic legal system to achieve social fairness and justice.

This thesis focuses on the perspective of adverse selection with an analysis of the MRT NeiHu Line case study. Using principles of public choice and principal-agent theory as the basis, the supplementary employment of interviewing methods uncovers the bureaucratic gentrification and adverse selection that exists throughout the development of the MRT Neihu Line. Field survey was undertaken to demonstrate the degree of resulting social and economical impact. Consolidation of the interview and field survey results, along with consultation of foreign countries’ case studies of public construction compensatory policies to surrounding businesses, has enabled this thesis to make recommendations to the decision making of compensatory policy in Taiwan.

Although compensation can be the part of the passive resolution, the true solution lies in the eradication of adverse selection. Therefore, this thesis examines that adverse selection can arise during the feasibility analysis, detail design, construction and operational management stage and to further present strategy analysis along with recommendations. Hopefully this thesis can serve as references and help propel towards positive changes in public compensatory policies in the future.

並列關鍵字

MRT NeiHu Line ； Gentrification ； Adverse Selection ； Compensation ； Strategy Analysis

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