電腦鍵盤滑鼠活動紀錄系統效度測試

Validation of the Monitoring System for the Use of Computer Input Devices

葉昭妤(Chao-Yu Yeh)

指導教授 ： 黃耀輝

國立臺灣大學/公共衛生學院/職業醫學與工業衛生研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.00942

摘要

VDTlog 是針對電腦使用者所發展出的一套可以同步記錄鍵盤滑鼠作業活動的暴露量測軟體。過去的研究已經針對軟體紀錄的準確度及精確度進行驗證，並認為VDTlog是準確且精準的電腦活動動作紀錄評估軟體。本研究的目的希望從VDTlog及自評式問卷獲得的電腦、鍵盤及滑鼠使用時間估計分別與攝影機觀察法的評估結果互相比較，驗證VDTlog軟體與自評式問卷對於評估電腦、鍵盤及滑鼠使用時間的效度。更進一步藉由效度驗證的過程中，評估VDTlog的合適設定條件，以分別判定電腦、鍵盤及滑鼠在多長的時間下，若無動作訊號的接收則可以被視為未使用電腦、鍵盤及滑鼠。
24位任職於大學研究所的研究助理做為本研究的研究對象，並且在上班期間分別由安裝在受測者使用之電腦內的VDTlog軟體及架設於工作站周圍的攝影機進行連續3小時的監測與記錄。其間每一個小時觀察監測期間結束後及三個小時全部監測結束以後，受測者必須分別針對前一個小時與前三個小時的工作狀況自我估計該期間內鍵盤、滑鼠的使用時間。攝影機拍攝的內容將由兩位觀察者分別進行電腦活動觀察紀錄，從中所獲得的量測值將被視為參考標準，並分別與VDTlog軟體與自評式問卷的暴露量測值進行比較。
研究結果指出VDTlog軟體與攝影機觀察法所求得的電腦、鍵盤及滑鼠使用時間的估計值間具有高度的相關(r>0.95)。此外，當軟體判定未使用電腦、鍵盤及滑鼠的時間條件分別設定為20~35, 2.5 及2.5秒時，VDTlog軟體與攝影機觀察法所求得的電腦使用時間量測值間可達到0.95以上的高度相關及小於13%的相對誤差。另一方面，自評式問卷與攝影機觀察法的估計值間僅有中度相關(r=0.54)，且有高估情形，高估的狀況在鍵盤的使用時間估計上尤其明顯。從這樣的結果顯示出VDTlog對於電腦、鍵盤及滑鼠的使用時間估計較為正確，且未來將可以取代過去問卷自我評估，做為電腦工作時間評估工具的角色。

在未來的研究中，預期可以建構由VDTlog軟體運算處理所發展出的指標與特定生理心理相關因子間的關係。此外VDTlog軟體亦可能進一步被應用在大型的流行病學研究中，與上肢肌肉骨骼不適或疾病發生率相互聯結，找出其中可能的劑量效應。預期VDTlog軟體可以被發展成一個足以辨識電腦工作任務之危害因子的診斷性工具，同時在介入性防治策略中亦可擔任預警傷害發生的角色。

關鍵字

VDTlog ； 電腦工作 ； 滑鼠 ； 鍵盤 ； 工作相關肌肉骨骼不適 ； 攝影觀察法 ； 自我評估

並列摘要

An objective measurement tool, VDTlog, was developed to collect the information regarding total computer use time additional to keyboard and mouse use times among VDT users. VDTlog has been proved for its reliability and accuracy as a monitoring program. The aim of the present study was to validate the estimates of computer use time generated by VDTlog and by self-report, respectively, as compared to the corresponding estimates by video record observation. In addition, the appropriate idle time settings for VDTlog monitoring system were also evaluated for the estimates of total computer, keyboard and mouse use times, respectively.
Twenty-four study subjects, who all were research assistants and worked in the author’s graduate school, were recruited in the study and monitored by video taping and VDTlog simultaneously for three hours. In addition, they were also asked to report their own estimates regarding the duration spent on the computer use for each study hour and for the total three-hour period, respectively. The estimates by video record observation were conducted independently by two raters and used as golden standard in the following comparison.
The results indicated that there was a good agreement between the estimates of computer use time by VDTlog and those by video record observation (r>0.95). Furthermore, when the idle time settings for computer, keyboard and mouse use time estimates were set 20~35, 2.5 and 2.5 seconds, respectively, the use time estimates by VDTlog showed a high correlation with and the least relative error compared to the corresponding estimates by video record observation. However, the computer use time estimates by self-report were only correlated with those by video record observation at moderate level (r=0.54) and presented distinct overestimation, especially for the keyboard use time. It was concluded that VDTlog yields fairly accurate estimates for the duration of computer use and could be used to substitute self-report in the computer work load assessment.
Further study is warranted to explore the relationship between the indicators derived from VDTlog monitoring data and specific physical and psychological conditions. Moreover, VDTlog can be applied in large-scale longitudinal epidemiological study in workplace to help link computer workload with the incidence of upper extremity disorders. Furthermore, VDTlog is expected to be further developed as a diagnostic tool to identify the risk factor during computer work and a reminder for the preventive intervention.

並列關鍵字

VDTlog ； computer work, ； mouse ； keyboard ； work related upper extremity disorders ； video record observation ； self-report

參考文獻

Dennerlein, J., Chemor-Ruiz, A., Johnson, P.W., Sommerich, C., 2003. A proposed taxonomy for describing computer input device usage, Proceedings of the15th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2003), Seoul, South Korea.

Kryger, A.I., Andersen, J.H., Lassen, C.F., Brandt, L.P.A., Vilstrup, I., Overgaard, E., Thomsen, J.F., Mikkelsen, S., 2003. Does computer use pose an occupational hazard for forearm pain; from the NUDATA study. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 60 pp.

Andersen, J.H., Thomsen, J.F., Overgaard, E., Lassen, C.F., Brandt, L.P.A., Vilstrup, I., Kryger, A.I., Mikkelsen, S., 2003. Computer use and carpal tunnel syndrome - A 1-year follow-up study. JAMA 289, 2963-2969.

Blatter, B.M., Bongers, P.M., 2002. Duration of computer use and mouse use in relation to musculoskeletal disorders of neck or upper limb. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 30, 295-306.

Blehm, C., Vishnu, S., Khattak, A., Mitra, S., Yee, R.W., 2005. Computer vision syndrome: A review. Survey of Ophthalmology 50, 253-262.