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  • 學位論文

鉛酸液流電池活性碳改質自製石墨碳電極研究

Activated Carbon Modified Electrodes for Soluble Lead Flow Batteries

指導教授 : 陳洵毅

摘要


能源危機是目前世界正面臨的嚴重議題之一,而台灣更是受限於有限的天然資源。有鑑於目前對於再生能源尚無突破性的發展,故將現有能源做更有效的運用,並減少消耗,必是解決能源危機的方法之一。鉛酸液流電池做為下個世代的能源貯存設備具有相當的潛力,因為其含有設備成本低、貯存容量大、能量轉換效率高等優勢。另外因其在正負極的反應物皆為相同的鉛離子,因此不需要使用昂貴的離子選擇膜,且其使用的電解液中不含貴重的成分,更可以大大降低其成本。 目前而言,鉛酸液流電池在商業化的過程中,面臨使用壽命的限制。國際間所發表的成果,在一般的使用條件下,皆僅有大約200次的循環壽命。因此為使鉛酸液流電池商業化,本研究將石墨碳電極以活性碳進行改質,藉此提供電極吸附與電容等能力,以達延長循環壽命的目標。透過特定化學方法前處理過後的活性碳(AC-HCl)添加至石墨碳電極中,其在正極的影響,能將電池的壽命延長約50%至300次循環。而改質後的電極在負極應用上的貢獻更是成功將電池的壽命延長至超過900次循環。此外,前處理對於活性碳添加的重要性與必要性,亦在研究中透過不同的檢測方法受到證實,研究的成果與發現對於鉛酸液流電池領域有突破性的發展。

並列摘要


The energy crisis is one of the serious problems of the world, and the situation facing Taiwan is particular stringent due to the lack of natural resources. Since the current development of renewable energy has not reached a sustainable level, how to use the available energy sources more efficiently and reduce consumption is certainly one of the best way to solve the issues. Soluble lead flow batteries (SLFBs) are promising as the energy storage system for next generation since they possess several advantages including low equipment cost, great storage capacity, and high energy conversion rate. Besides, the electroactive species in the system on both positive and negative are lead ions. Therefore it is free from the use an expensive ion selective membrane, and the electrolyte does not contain precious chemicals, which in turn greatly lower its construction and operation cost. At present, the commercialization process of SLFBs is hindered by life-span limitations. The published cycle life of the SLFBs, under normal using conditions, is only about 200 cycles. Hence this research aims to modify graphite electrodes with activated carbon additive to enhance the adsorption and capacitance effects so as to achieve the extended life-span and to commercialize SLFBs. Activated carbon with specific chemical pretreatments (AC-HCl) as the additive in the graphite, positive electrodes successfully extend the life-span by about 50% to 300 cycles. On the other hand, the AC-modified electrode as the negative ones in the battery contributes to phenomenal life extension to more than 900 cycles. Besides, the importance and necessity of the appropriate pretreatments of activated carbon have been proved by the comparison of different pretreatment methods through various experiments. The novel results and groundbreaking discoveries of this research make the technology of SLFBs possible for utility-scale energy storage.

參考文獻


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