半導體奈米結構光學性質之研究與應用：氮化銦鎵/氮化鎵多層量子井與氧化鋅奈米柱

Studies and Applications of Optical Properties in Semiconductor Nanostructures: InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells and ZnO nanorods

施函宇(Han-Yu Shih)

指導教授 ： 陳永芳

國立臺灣大學/理學院/物理研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.01448

摘要

奈米科技帶給人們極大的便利性與前瞻性，而半導體材料更廣泛地被製作成奈米結構，其展現出與塊材相異甚大的電性、磁性以及光學性質。本論文探討兩種半導體奈米結構的光學特性：氮化銦鎵/氮化鎵多層量子井、氧化鋅奈米柱，並且發現了頗為新奇且有趣之現象。
烏采結構之氮化物通常具備有不錯的壓電效應，因此氮化銦鎵/氮化鎵多層量子井內存在著強烈的內建電場，此特性可被我們應用成為生物感測器。當去氧核醣核酸(DNA)在感測器的表面發生雜合反應，其電偶極改變了氮化銦鎵/氮化鎵多層量子井內的電場，因為量子侷限史塔克效應的關係，量子井的光致螢光光譜、拉曼散射光譜以及我們估算出的氮化銦鎵晶格應變量也會有所變化，此結果代表氮化銦鎵/氮化鎵多層量子井可被開發成為DNA定序晶片之廣大可能性。
另一方面，本團隊已經在去年發現氧化鋅奈米柱內存在著光彈性效應，而我們更預測在越細的氧化鋅奈米柱內，其光彈性效應越明顯。此論文內探測了粗、中、細三種不同直徑的氧化鋅奈米柱之光致螢光光譜、拉曼散射光譜以及估算的晶格應變量隨著激發光源強度的不同，而有所變化。其中以細的氧化鋅奈米柱變化量最為可觀，不但驗證了我們的論點，並貢獻了新穎的資訊給光電元件開發者。

關鍵字

奈米科技 ； 去氧核醣核酸雜合 ； 量子井 ； 氧化鋅奈米柱 ； 光彈性效應

並列摘要

Nanotechnology gives people a great future and conveniences. Semiconductor materials are widely made into nanostructures, and they show rather different electrical, magnetic, and optical properties from bulk materials. In this thesis, we investigated two semiconductor nanostructures, InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) and ZnO nanorods, and found some novel phenomena.
There usually exists a good piezoelectric effect in nitride wurtzite structure, such that InGaN/GaN MQWs have obvious build-in electric field in them, and this property could be used to construct a biosensor. As the hybridization process of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) occurs on InGaN/GaN MQWs, the electric field in MQWs would be altered by the polarity of DNA molecules, and the photoluminescence (PL) spectra, Raman spectra, and the calculated strain of InGaN lattice could also be changed due to the quantum confined Stark effect. As a result, InGaN/GaN MQWs have a great opportunity in the development of DNA-sequence identification.
On the other hand, our group had found a phenomenon called photoelastic effect in ZnO nanorods last year, and we further expected that the thinner nanorods, the mightier photoelastic effect exists in them. In this thesis, three diameters of thick, mid-thick, and thin ZnO nanorods are studied. It was observed that the PL spectra, Raman spectra, and the calculated strain would be changed with different excitation Laser power. Besides, the amounts of change are greater in thinner nanorods. This result gives a good evidence to proof our expectation, and provides much novel information to optoelectric device developers.

並列關鍵字

nanotechnology ； DNA hybridization ； quantum well ； ZnO nanorod ； photoelastic effect

參考文獻

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Chapter 1

2. Gribbin John, Richard Feynman: A Life in Science, Dutton, 1997.