跨太平洋夥伴關係協定與美國的亞太再平衡戰略

Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP) and U.S. Rebalance Strategy toward Asia Pacific

蔡豐全(Feng-Chuan Tsai)

指導教授 ： 李大中

淡江大學/國際研究學院/國際事務與戰略研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2018.00004

摘要

本論文描述美國亞太再平衡戰略政策之下「跨太平洋夥伴關係協定」，時間橫跨歐巴馬及川普任期。
本研究發現歐巴馬上任後立刻調整全球戰略布局，提出重返亞太理念，並在2011年底提出再平衡戰略，企圖運用調整軍事部署及強化政經同盟等方式，確保其亞太地位及利益，其中「跨太平洋夥伴關係協定」扮演「再平衡」中主要經濟戰略。
美國前安全顧問唐尼倫(Thomas E. Donilon)指出美國亞太「再平衡」核心就是「跨太平洋夥伴關係協定」，稱其即是經濟目標，同時也是戰略目標，亦被認為可突破國家資本主義障礙，豎立與鞏固開放市場原則，促進整體經濟體的發展。
然而美國現任總統川普將國內經濟問題歸咎於貿易待遇受到不公平待遇，認為全球化貿易已過度侵蝕美國勞工工作機會，上任後第一份行政命令即是正式宣布美國退出「跨太平洋夥伴關係協定」。
日本、澳洲、紐西蘭、新加坡等TPP11國仍然維持繼續推動「跨太平洋夥伴關係協定」，並於2017年11月正式將「跨太平洋夥伴關係協定」更名為「跨太平洋夥伴包容與全面進展協定」，規劃最快於2018年生效。
川普上任後陸續退出「跨太平洋夥伴關係協定」、巴黎協定及宣布耶撒冷為以色列首都等一連串事件，使得亞太盟國或中立國家對美國產生不信任，恐將影響其後續亞太戰略推動。

關鍵字

跨太平洋夥伴關係協定 ； 亞太再平衡戰略 ； 區域經濟整合 ； 歐巴馬

並列摘要

This study found out that immediately after taking office, Obama made some adjustment to the global strategy, proposing the idea of returning to the Asia-Pacific, as well as U.S. Rebalance Strategy by the end of 2011. In an attempt to secure its Asia-Pacific status and interests through measures such as the readjustment of its military deployment and the strengthening of political and economic alliance; Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP) has played a major economic role of Rebalance Strategy.
Thomas E. Donilon, a former U.S. national security advisor, pointed out that the core of Rebalance Strategy to the Asia-Pacific is Trans-Pacific Partnership , saying that it is both an economic goal and a strategic goal. It is also believed that it can break through the obstacles of state capitalism, erecting and consolidating the market-opening principles, to promote the development of the economy as a whole.
However, President Trump attributed domestic economic problems to the unfair treatment of trade. He believed that global trade eroded the labor opportunities in the United States. After taking office, the first executive order that Trump officially announced was withdrawal of U.S. from Trans-Pacific Partnership.
TPP11 countries maintained their promotion of Trans-Pacific Partnership. In November 2017, Trans-Pacific Partnership officially changed its name to "Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership"(CPTPP). The plan will take effect as soon as 2018.
A string of events such as Trump's gradual withdrawal from Trans-Pacific Partnership, the Paris agreement and the declaration of Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, has caused the Asia-Pacific allies or neutral countries losing confidence in the United States, which may affect its follow-up promotion of the Asia-Pacific strategy.

並列關鍵字

TPP ； Rebalance Strategy ； RTA ； Barack Obama

參考文獻

孫哲，2012年9月。《亞太戰略變局與中美新型大國關係》。北京：時事出版社。

宋鎮照、蔡相偉，2012/10。〈亞太經貿開啟雙軸競爭格局之新秩序：RCEP vs. TPP發展之政經分析〉，《戰略安全研析》，第90期，頁13-24。

鄭竹園，2012/2。〈美國全力推動TPP的經濟企圖與戰略部署〉，《海峽評論》，第252期，頁5-11。

李瓊莉，2017/7。〈美國「重返亞洲」對區域主義之意涵〉，《全球政治評論》，第39期，頁76-89。

詹滿容，2011 /10。〈美國參與亞太區域經濟整合之策略〉，《全球政治評論》，第36期，頁58至59。