文化治理與在地認同之研究-以清法戰爭滬尾之役歷史場域重現計畫為例（2018〜2020）

文化部為落實「厚植文化力，帶動文化參與」之核心理念，訂定「文化部再造歷史現場專案計畫補助作業要點」，新北市政府提案「清法戰爭滬尾之役再造歷史場域重現計畫」，以新北市立淡水古蹟博物館為執行單位，以多元形式再現古戰場，並利用虛擬環境、影像、調查研究、座談、實境遊戲、文化祭等形式，再現該戰爭經驗讓地方民眾參與活動規劃，讓大眾瞭解晚清淡水的軍事整備、滬尾戰役歷史過程、清兵義軍軍事動員、戰爭下人民視角等歷史意義。該計畫以清法戰爭滬尾之役再造歷史場域重現計畫為主軸，文化治理、在地認同及博物館社會責任為理論依據，探討文化計畫執行對在地的影響及居民認同情形，作為本研究的理論架構。本研究欲探討以下問題：（一）從清法戰爭滬尾之役重現計畫的個案來看，如何融入在地認同的因素，以實踐文化治理的內涵與目標？（二）影響民眾參與清法戰爭滬尾之役重現計畫的因素為何？遷入時間或居住區域是否會產生差異？（三）計畫對於居民之在地文化認同是否產生影響？本文運用文獻探討法、次級資料分析法及深度訪談法，除了試圖瞭解個案計畫執行成果外，希望達成下列研究目的：(一)瞭解案例計畫規劃與執行過程。(二)分析執行機關如何運用博物館優勢推動地方文化，並瞭解所面臨困難之解決方法。(三)透過在地多方意見蒐集整理，了解地方上對研究案例的認同度，並提出行政機關未來規劃政策的建議。

關鍵字

文化治理；在地認同；博物館社會責任；再造歷史場域計畫

並列摘要

To fulfill the policy goal of “fostering cultural strength and encouraging public participation in cultural affairs”, the Ministry of Culture has promulgated “the Working Guidelines for Subsidization of the Regeneration of Historic Sites Project.” According to the Guidelines, the New Taipei City Government proposed “A Plan to Recreate the Historical Battlefield of the Sino-French War in Tamsui.” It designated the Tamsui Historical Museum to be the executive agency, provided multiple ways to present the ancient battlefield, such as virtual environment, images, survey and research, forums, games and cultural festivals, to make the public better understand the military preparation, the course of events, the military mobilization of the volunteer army and the life experiences during the wartime in the late Qing Dynasty. This paper focuses on the Tamsui Sino-French War historical battlefield recreation plan, with cultural governance, local identity and the social responsibility of museums as its theoretical bases to discuss about the impacts the cultural plan has made on the local residents and their identities. Three main issues were discussed in this paper: (1) How to integrate elements of local identity into the Tamsui Sino-French War historical battlefield recreation plan to fulfill the goals of cultural governance? (2) What are the factors that influence people’s will to participate in the Tamsui Sino-French War historical battlefield recreation plan? Does the moving in date or the location of the community make a difference to the outcome? (3) Has the Tamsui Sino-French War historical battlefield recreation plan impacted the cultural identities of local residents? Research methods employed in this paper include literature review, secondary data analysis and in-depth interview. In addition to analyzing the results of this cultural plan, this paper also aims at three other purposes: (1) To understand the process of planning and execution of the case studied. (2) To analyze how the executive agency, the Tamsui Historical Museum, used its strength to promote local culture, and to understand the strategies it adopted to overcome difficulties that arose in the process. (3) To find out, by collecting and organizing the feedbacks from multiple local groups, the opinions that residents hold toward the case, and provide suggestions for the government to make future policies.