兩岸軍事安全互信之探索：以南海議題為例

本研究係鑒於南海仲裁案後，兩岸不約而同拒絕接受南海仲裁案的結果，及重申對於南海的主權伸張；檢視討論許久之兩岸軍事安全互信機制，進而探討可否因仲裁案關係從南海議題發展作為基礎來實行，爾後拓展至兩岸在台海之間。目前在國際間簽訂軍事互信機制除歐洲部分國家外，另在冷戰期間美、蘇簽訂《美國政府與蘇聯政府間防止公海及其上空意外協定》；中、美之間簽訂《美國國防部與中國國防部間建立加強海上軍事安全磋商協定》、《中美關於海空相遇安全行為準則諒解備忘錄》及《重大軍事行動相互通報信任措施機制的諒解備忘錄》等，以單純的軍事角度及立場簽訂，避免國家的政治角力干涉軍事，使協議單純化不受國際法及國家的約束。兩岸關係發展至今發展熱絡，而南海區域為兩岸的利益，雖然兩岸彼此間政治、經濟、軍事已不對等，但若單純以國防部門簽訂南海軍事安全互信機制，先行建立此區域間軍事階層熱線，是對南海區域安全穩定的一種貢獻，及對當地駐軍保障，將來在拓展及台海間，更是促進兩岸和平發展及民眾生活安全。

關鍵字

兩岸軍事安全互信機制；南海仲裁案；兩岸關係；熱線

並列摘要

This study was incepted by the fact that both sides of the Taiwan Strait – China and Taiwan, refused to recognize the outcome of the South China Sea arbitration case, by the Permanent Court due to same sovereignty claim in the South China Sea, By revisiting the long discussed military security confidence building measures across the Taiwan Strait, the study exploits possibilities of revitalizing such effort in the South China Sea after the court decision, and if wanted,apply to the discussion of long military security confidence builiding mechanism between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. In the Cold War era,the United States and the Soviet Union had signed the “Agreement Between the Government of The United States of America and the Government of The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Prevention of Incidents On and Over the High Seas” as part of conflict prevention mechanism. Between the United States and the People’s Republic of China, there had been signed the agreement on the establishment of an agreement on “Establishing a Consultation Mechanism to Strengthen Military Maritime Safety, “Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on the Rules of Behavior for the Safety of Air and Maritime Encounters,” and “Memorandum of Understanding on Notification of Major Military Activities Confidence Building Measures Mechanism.” These agreements were signed in a simple military angle and position, avoiding the interference of the political power of the state in the military, and the simplification of the agreement is not bound by international law and the state. Although the political, economic and military situation between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits has been , imbalanced, people and private sector exchanges have been flourishing, and the South China Sea region remains with common interest. If by signing a simple military security confidence building measures on the South China Sea, it can contribute to the local garrison and would further promote the peaceful development of both sides of the Taiwan Straits and the safety of people'slives.