中華民國與中華人民共和國對外援助之分析（2000–2014）

當國家之間建立起正式的法律上邦交關係，並且相互派駐外交人員後，很少發生「斷交」事件。然而，自2016年以來，中華民國的邦交國接二連三與之斷交，並轉而與中華人民共和國（以下稱中國大陸）建交。本論文主要探討中華民國與中國大陸的對外援助，並發現中華民國對外援助主要以技術合作為主，案件數最多的地區為中美洲地區。中國大陸的外援主要以贈款居多，案件數最多的地區為非洲地區。在2000年後，與中華民國斷交的18個國家中，有11個國家有收受中國大陸的援助。最後本論文將探討國家收受中國大陸外援是否會影響其人權指數，並以非洲地區的史瓦帝尼以及馬拉威為主要探討國家。研究發現，馬拉威自2008年與中華民國斷交後的人權指標有明顯下降，深入探討其國內社會政治環境，發現中國大陸援助可能是導致其人權指數下降的原因之一。

關鍵字

對外援助；外交關係；人權

並列摘要

After establishing diplomatic relations and exchanging ambassadors, states seldom sever diplomatic relations with each other. However, many states had broken off diplomatic relations with Taiwan and turned to establish diplomatic relations with China since 2016. This thesis investigates foreign aids provided by Taiwan and China, and finds out that Taiwan’s foreign aids objects were mainly in technical cooperation with cases mostly in Central America, whereas China’s objects were mainly in giving grants with cases mostly in Africa. Among 18 states that cut off relations with Taiwan since 2000, there are 11 states accept foreign aids from China. Furthermore, this thesis also analyzes whether receiving foreign aids from China will affect states' human rights index. The analysis focuses on the Kingdom of Eswatini and the Republic of Malawi, and finds out Malawi’s human rights index had declined significantly after broken off diplomatic relations with Taiwan since 2008. After examining Malawi's domestic social and political conditions, the thesis concludes that China’s foreign aids may be one of the reasons which led to the decline in its human rights index.