垃圾焚化飛灰製作管狀陶瓷濾膜之技術研發

A Study on the Ceramic Membrane Produced from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash

高大為(Ta-Wei Kao)

指導教授 ： 高思懷

淡江大學/工學院/水資源及環境工程學系碩士班/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2021.00291

摘要

都市垃圾焚化後會產生大量飛灰與底渣，其中飛灰常以水泥固化後再進行衛生掩埋，因台灣地狹人稠的環境，替飛灰找到別的出路刻不容緩。
本研究團隊已開發將焚化飛灰水洗穩定後，適當摻配於粉壓法製作平板陶瓷濾膜之製程，品質已達到市售日本陶瓷濾膜的過濾能力，但機械強度尚須改善。本研究嘗試改以澆鑄法製作管狀之陶瓷膜，以改善片狀膜之機械強度，並利於後續組裝廢水處理系統之過濾模組。
首先調配粉料並加入適量解膠水，以避免漿料過於黏稠。使用攪拌器使漿料均勻混合，再倒入石膏模具內使漿料水分被吸收，待泥料表面水分吸乾後脫模，再置於烘箱中將剩餘水分去除，以 800 OC 進行燒結；成品測試純水、生活污水過濾能力，分析 SEM、TCLP、XRD、健度等，以確保其功能並預防二次污染。
研究結果顯示，最佳之配比為玻璃、穩定灰、高嶺土、蛙目土、葉長石各 20 %並額外添加 5%之矽藻土，體積變化率及燒失率僅為 10 %左右，而純水通量22.85 m3/m2/d，以 2000 mg/L 污泥進行過濾能力測試，其出流水之懸浮固體皆為0 且通量達 0.387 m3/m2/d，接近市售陶瓷膜之通量 0.5 m3/m2/d。

關鍵字

陶瓷濾膜 ； 垃圾焚化飛灰 ； 澆注 ； 機械化學研磨

並列摘要

Municipal solid waste incineration will produce a large amount of fly ash and bottom ash. Among them, fly ash is solidified by cement before sanitary landfill usually. Because of Taiwan’s narrow and densely populated environment, finding another way out for fly ash is urgently.
Our research team used to pretreat the incinerator fly ash, then blended in the feedstock, used the powder pressing method to make flat ceramic filter, which
achieved the filtration capacity of commercialized ceramic membranes, however, the strength needs to be enhanced. In this study, the tube-type ceramic membranes were produced by pouring mold method to improve the mechanical strength, and help the assembling of the filter set to be used in wastewater treatment system.
Firstly, mix the powder with other feedstocks and glue water uniformly, then pour the slurry into a gypsum mold to absorb the water, then dried the green body in an oven followed by sintered to 800 OC. The products were tested by pure water/sewage filtration capacity, and the SEM, TCLP, XRD, soundness were analyzed to ensure its function and to prevent the secondary pollutions.
The results indicated that, the prescription of glass: stabilized ash: kaolin: Gairome clay: petalite for 20% each, and add 5% diatomite additionally, the volume
deformation rate and ignition loss were only about 10%, The pure water flux was 22.85 m3/m2/d; at sludge concentration 2000 mg/L, the suspended solids of the
effluent were all 0, and the flux reached 0.387 m3/m2/d, it was close to commercialized ceramic membrane.

並列關鍵字

Ceramic filter membrane ； Municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash ； pouring ； Mechano-chemical milling

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