建築表面玻璃材質數位製造與單元構築施作之研究

由於今日電腦繪圖、參數化設計與數位製造技術的進步，將可以應用這些數位工具與技術來發展與探討許多材料的新可能性。然而對於如何將電腦繪製出的複雜三維形體以玻璃材料製造，再以非制式的生產與構築，於真實世界中被建構出來是很大的挑戰。透過對於傳統玻璃製作的練習與理解，利用傳統玻璃製作方法結合數位製造衍生出的玻璃構件，在建築空間中將產生許多有趣的應用。並且經由玻璃單元中構思新的構造方式，也將使得玻璃單元製作得以更加蓬勃發展，進而脫離對於傳統玻璃構造與形式的依賴。結合參數化設計與數位製造讓傳統的玻璃製作更顯得多采多姿，豐富了玻璃材料上對於單元、構件與組合方式的重新詮釋。本研究首先建立對於玻璃材料發展的相關知識，再以參數化設計模擬，最後以數位製造的方式生產玻璃單元，整體而言，本研究的研究流程如下： 1. 基於歷史研究、案例分析與文獻回顧，建立關於玻璃材料研究的背景知識； 2. 了解傳統玻璃製作流程，並且嘗試玻璃的材料實驗； 3. 結合參數化設計模擬玻璃單元，以數位製造發展實體玻璃單元； 4. 發展玻璃單元的組件、接合、構成與構築，釐清製造中的相關流程； 5. 透過實作與現場施工，做為後續玻璃材料的構造與設計之發展。本研究關於玻璃材料的數位模擬與單元構築施作實驗的心得為：1. 發展玻璃材料應用於建築空間中的可能性；2. 突破傳統的玻璃製作工法與工業化的大量生產方式，確立屬於玻璃材料的數位製造工法；3. 結合參數化設計與數位製造發展玻璃單元；4. 設計新形式的玻璃建築元件，並且實驗玻璃材料參數化設計與數位製造製程的流程；5. 討論玻璃材料「再材料性」的可能。透過數位化設計與製造的玻璃單元，將使得玻璃材料跳脫傳統建築中的平板玻璃與空心玻璃磚的單元形式與組構工法。本研究期待藉由參數化設計與數位製造討論了非制式曲面玻璃單元於建築表面上應用的可行性，期待結合參數化設計、數位製造、材料性與構築等新技術的討論，發展玻璃材料於建築營造的嶄新研究方向。

關鍵字

玻璃；數位模擬；參數化設計；數位製造；單元構築

並列摘要

Because of the current advancement in computer graphics, parametric design and digital fabrication technology today, these digital tools and techniques can be applied to the development and exploration of new possibilities for many materials. However, it is a great challenge to create a complicated three-dimensional shape made with glass material by computer, and then produce and construct it in an informal manner in the real world. Through the practice and understanding of traditional glass making methods, there will be many interesting applications in an architectural space if the glass components are derived from the combination of traditional glass making methods and digital fabrication. By conceiving of new construction methods through glass units, the development of glass unit production will become more vigorous, which in turn will eliminate its dependence on traditional glass construction and forms. The combination of parametric design and digital fabrication makes the traditional glass construction more diversified, enriching the reinterpretation of the glass materials in terms of the units, components and compositions. This study will first build relevant knowledge regarding the development of glass materials, then simulate with parametric design, and finally produce glass units in a digital fabrication manner. The scheme of this study is as follows: 1. Build the background and knowledge on glass material studies based on a historical study, case analyses and literature review. 2. Understand the traditional glass making process, and perform glass material experiments. 3. Employ parametric design for simulating glass units, and use digital fabrication to develop physical glass units. 4. Develop components, joints, constitution, and construction of glass units to clarify relevant producing processes. 5. The implementation and on-site construction are for the future development of the construction and design of glass materials. In this study, the results of digital simulation and implementation of unit construction of glass materials are as follows: 1. The possibility of developing glass materials used in architectural space; 2. Making a breakthrough in the traditional glass production method and industrialized mass production methods by establishing the digital fabrication method of glass materials; 3. Combining parametric design and digital fabrication to develop glass units; 4. Designing new forms of architectural glass components, and experimenting with the processes of the parametric design and digital fabrication of glass materials; 5. Discussing the possibility of “re-materialization” of glass materials. The glass units made through digital design and fabrication can help glass materials break away from the unit forms and fabrication methods of sheet glass and hollow glass bricks in traditional architecture. This study hopes to discuss the feasibility of applying informal curved glass units on building surfaces through parametric design and digital fabrication. It is anticipated that by combining new technologies such as parametric design, digital fabrication, material features and construction, a new research direction for glass materials in building construction will be developed.