日本安倍政權的外交與安全政策之研究

A Study on Japan's diplomatic and security policy under Abe government

郭文憲(Wen-Hsien Kuo)

指導教授 ： 胡慶山

淡江大學/國際研究學院/亞洲研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2018.00807

摘要

本論文將探討於日本安倍政權的外交與安全政策之研究，但是從戰後至今已經歷經七十年，安倍主義的外交安全改革政策是否可以取代傳統的吉田主義，使日本從和平國家演變成正常國家? 首相安倍晉三的外交與安全政策是值得令人探討的議題，即所謂的「安倍修正主義」。本文將會討論日本走向一個新的世代，安倍主義的政策與其內涵是否能夠取代傳統的「吉田主義」? 戰後所沿用的吉田主義是重經濟，輕軍武，使得日本現在歷經七十年的政策延用至今，使得日本成為東亞經濟大國。

但是，在日本國內普遍學者認為，並且建議安倍首相，在安保方面要從專守防衛改變成自主防衛，上開建議使得走改革路線的安倍要保持務實與循序漸進，而不是立即挑戰現狀。

不過，安倍晉三已經開始推出日美相關政策，甚至是積極改變國家安全政策突破傳統的吉田主義，日美同盟關係的動態亦是高風險，雙邊關係則是備受考驗。安倍晉三的修正主義所推行的政策或改革，是否充滿矛盾；或最終是否可能因為被和平憲法憲法第九條所限制而立即慘敗?上開皆在本文從安倍的安全外交改革是否會有所突破?上開使日本可以走向正常國家而可以行使應有的集體自衛權之權利?日本是否從「吉田主義」走向「安倍主義」?本論文將總結日本的外交安全政策，探討吉田主義變遷到安倍主義、安倍政權的國家安全保障政策、安倍主義與日美同盟關係包括普天間基地的遷移、安倍政權與中國、韓國、朝鮮半島及東協的關係、並進而討論日本與中國在東海與南海的政策和雙邊關係的因應，做為本論文的主要內容。

最後是探討安倍外交安全政策下日本對南海議題，檢討安倍主義以及安倍政權面臨的三大困境和矛盾，南海地理位置與對東亞諸國之重要性，日本在南海的政策，現實主義的終極與不滿，日本與兩岸關係的再檢討。

關鍵字

吉田主義 ； 安倍主義 ； 集體自衛權 ； 安倍首相 ； 日本國和平憲法

並列摘要

This paper is going to discuss about the study on Japan’s diplomatic and security policy under Abe government, The “Abe Doctrine” will replace the traditional “Yoshida Doctrine” or not? Whenever the diplomatic and security could change and make improvement under Abe Doctrine or not? and, if this meant Abe Doctrine which implement well in its policy can let Japan become to “normal country” from “peace country” which means the Abe’s Doctrine replace Yoshida’s Doctrine or not? Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s diplomatic and security policy is need to consider and focus to “Abe’s revisionism”.

This paper will discuss if there’s a new generation age is coming to Japan’s community or not? Does the traditional Yoshida Doctrine keep going or insteading or Abe’s Doctrine in his policy and contents and improving or replacing “Yoshida Doctrine” principles? Yoshida Doctrine hold only one principles which was arranged to develop Japan’s economy and limit to the lowest military force to exercise collective self-defense.

After 70 years from the World War II, Japan become to the most richest country in East-Asia, many of professors or people were suspecting if Abe’s Doctrine could replace Yoshida Doctrine or not? even through, they suggest that Prime Minister Abe should keep in traditional way to let Japan step by step not to change or challenge current situation; therefore Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has take a action to change National Security Defense Policy, the US-Japan Alliance relationship will increase high risk because of his action changing current condition and both of the relationship would be tested as well.

Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s revisionism pushes his policy to change the current condition, but there is a maintaining contradiction when it has limit from National Peace Constitution. This paper will examine from the Yoshida Doctrine change to the Abe’s Doctrine whether it leads to goal or success. This paper also investigate Japan’s Futenma base removement will test US and Constitution Law Article IX or not, and it will discuss the process of Yoshida Doctrine to Abe Doctrine. How the US-Japan Alliance, Japan’s relationship with South Korea、North Korea、China、ASEAN will keep going to cooperate each other and discuss how to solve the problems on South China Sea and East China Sea, The location of South China Sea and the importance to influence in East Asia, Japan’s policy to South China Sea between Taiwan and China. Finally, this paper is going to discuss and focus on the relationship between Japan and Taiwan in the future.

並列關鍵字

Yoshida Doctrine ； Abe Doctrine ； Collective Self-defense ； Prime Minister Abe ； The Constitution of Japan

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