護理人員職場疲勞、復原力與幸福感之相關性研究

背景：　　全球從事臨床照護的護理人員為臨床的先鋒部隊，常處於高壓、高負荷的醫療環境，也因長期輪班導致職場疲勞，使得幸福感變差。過去研究大多偏向教師、社工及學生之復原力和幸福感的研究，對於護理人員職場疲勞、復原力與幸福感研究仍有限，故了解影響護理人員幸福感的相關因素至關重要。目的：　　探討護理人員人口學特性、職場疲勞、復原力對於幸福感之現況、相關性，以及影響護理人員幸福感之預測因子。方法：　　採橫斷性、描述性與相關性研究設計，採立意取樣，於中部某醫學中心之服務滿(含)六個月以上的護理人員為研究對象，共收案289人，並以護理人員人口學特性、職場疲勞、復原力及幸福感量表等結構式問卷收集資料；所得資料處理以IBM SPSS Statistics 23統計軟體進行統計分析。結果: 　　護理人員職場疲勞平均得分40.40分(0-100分)，復原力平均得分26.79分(10-50分)，幸福感平均得分43.25分(24-96分)。從逐步迴歸分析結果顯示:整體迴歸模式可以解釋幸福感約51.6%的變異情形，婚姻(0.5%)、工作職稱(1.2%)、運動習慣(1.8%)、自覺健康(14.3%)、職場疲勞(4.5%)、復原力(28.4%)、人際紓壓復原力(0.9%)是影響護理人員幸福感最主要的預測因子。結論/實務應用：　　為提升護理人員之幸福感，醫療院所可針對單身、護士職稱、無運動習慣及自覺健康狀況差之護理人員提出關心，並安排合理的人力配置及輪班制度；提供其適當復原力之對策，以降低職場疲勞，使護理人員達到身體、心理、生活上滿意的幸福感。

關鍵字

護理人員；職場疲勞；復原力；幸福感

並列摘要

Background： Nursing staff engaged in clinical care around the world are clinical pioneers, often in high-pressure and high-load medical environments, and workplace fatigue due to long-term shifts, which makes their sense of well-being worse. Most of the past studies have focused on the resilience and well-being of teachers, social workers, and students. Research on workplace fatigue, resilience and well-being of nursing staff is still limited. Therefore, it is important to understand the relevant factors that affect the well-being of nursing staff. Purposes： To explore the current status, correlations, and predictors of nurses' well-being, workplace fatigue, and resilience in nursing caregivers' demographics.To explore the current status and correlation of nursing staff demographic characteristics, workplace burn out, and resilience to well-being, as well as the predictive factors that affect nursing staff well-being. Methods： A cross-sectional, descriptive, and relevance research design was adopted, and intentional sampling was adopted. Nursing staff who had served for more than six months at a medical center in the central part of the country were used as the research object. A total of 289 cases were accepted, and the nursing staff population Data is collected by structured questionnaires such as academic characteristics, workplace burn out, resilience, and happiness scale; the data obtained is processed by IBM SPSS Statistics 23 statistical software for statistical analysis. Results: The average score of workplace burn out of nursing staff is 40.40 (0-100 points), the average score of resilience is 26.79 points (10-50 points), and the average score of happiness is 67.25 points (24-96 points). The analysis results showed that the overall regression model could explain 51.6% of the total variance in well-being, marriage (0.5%), job title (1.2%), exercise habits (1.8%), self-conscious health (14.3%), workplace burn out (4.5%), resilience (28.4%) and interpersonal stress relief (0.9%). In particular, resilience was the most important predictor affecting the well-being of nursing staff. Conclusions/ Implications for practice: In order to improve the happiness of nurses, the medical team should raise concerns for single employees and nurses with professional titles, and recommend reasonable manpower allocation and reduce the number of shifts for those who have no exercise habits and conscious health conditions, so as to enhance a good organizational atmosphere, Strengthen the supporting measures for outdoor sports and provide appropriate measures to enhance resilience, so that nursing staff can self-affirmation and improvement in the workplace fatigue, so as to achieve a satisfactory sense of well-being in physical, psychological and life.