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  • 學位論文

台灣中部教學醫院加護病房護理人員身體覺察能力與工作壓力之相關性探討

Exploring the correlation between Body Awareness and Work pressure among nurse in the intensive care unit of teaching hospitals in central Taiwan

指導教授 : 郭青萍

摘要


背景:加護病房護理人員因工作屬性的關係,長期處於高壓的狀態,但目前研究大多針對護理人員面對工作壓力的議題,強調人力流失探討,鮮少以護理人員本身,探討其因缺乏覺察身體的能力與工作壓力相關的研究。 目的:以中部教學醫院加護病房護理人員為對象,探討身體覺察能力與工作壓力之相關性。 方法:採橫斷式調查設計,研究場所為中部地區的教學醫院加護病房,利用結構式問卷收集資料,包括:基本屬性、身體覺察能力量表、加護病房護理人員工作壓力量表,共收案128位。資料以SPSS/PC 22.0進行分析。統計方法包括:次數、百分比、平均值、標準差、獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子變異數、皮爾森積差相關及多元逐步線性迴歸分析。 結果:本研究加護病房護理人員基本屬性分布,以女性、年輕(20-25歲)、未婚為主;總工作壓力為中等(2.53±0.35分),在次量表中以工作負荷(2.85±0.49分)與專科化角色(2.53±0.44分)的壓力感受最高;總身體覺察能力為中等(4.26±0.88分),在次量表中以肌肉張力(4.44±1.03分)與身體控制(4.35±0.78分)感受最高。而加護病房護理人員總工作壓力、來自團隊人際關係及工作負荷等工作壓力與身體使用感受之間呈顯著正相關(r=0.192~0.216),來自專科化角色與身體異常感受為顯著負相關(r=-0.208);來自工作負荷壓力與身體控制感受為顯著正相關(r=-0.199)。以多元迴歸分析加護病房護理人員工作壓力的預測因子,發現自覺健康情形(p=0.01)為顯著預測因子,可解釋加護病房護理人員總工作壓力8%的變異量;進一步分析發現自覺健康情形(p=0.03)亦是影響來自專科角色的壓力顯著預測因子,可解釋14%的變異量;同樣的自覺健康情形(p=0.02)也可解釋來自工作負荷壓力10%的變異量。 結論:自覺健康情形為工作壓力的重要預測因子,可作為未來加護病房護理人員工作壓力評估的重要指標。而身體覺察能力雖不是顯著預測變項,但仍與來自專科化角色、團隊人際關係及工作負荷等工作壓力間有顯著相關,未來可針對此部分加以改善,鏈結健康促進的模式以減緩加護病房護理人員工作的壓力。

並列摘要


Background: The nurse staff in ICU are under high pressure due to their job attributes. However, most of the current literature focuses on the issue of nursing staff facing work pressure and emphasizes on human attrition, but few studies have conducted on nursing staff's own lack of body awareness and work pressure. Thus, a cross-sectional survey was designed. Aims: In this study, the correlation between body awareness and work pressure was conducted on the nurse staff of the intensive care unit of teaching hospitals in the central region. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study was collected using a structured questionnaire. A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data from 128 participants using a structured questionnaire with three scales: Basic Attributes, Physical Awareness Scale, and Work Pressure Scale for ICU nurse staff. The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS/PC 22.0 Statistical methods include frequency, percentage, and average, standard deviation, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression. Results: The demographic data for basic attribute distribution of nurse staff in the ICU was dominated by young female in age (20-25 years old) and unmarried female. Total work pressure was moderate (2.53±0.35 points), with the highest perception of stress on the subscales of workload (2.85±0.49 points) and specialist role (2.53±0.44 points). Total body awareness was moderate (4.26±0.88 points), with muscle tension (4.44±1.03 points) and body control (4.35±0.78 points) being the highest perceived on the subscale. There was a significant positive correlation between total work pressure, work pressure from team interpersonal relationships, and workload with perceptions of physical body sensation in the ICU nursing staff (r=0.192-0.216). Also, there were a significant negative correlation between specialist roles and perceptions of body abnormality (r=-0.208) and a significant positive correlation between pressure from workload and perceptions of body control (r=-0.199). Using a multivariate regression analysis on the predicting work pressure among nursing staff in the ICU, it revealed that conscious health conditions (p=0.01) was a significant predictor, which explained a total of 8% of the variance in work pressure among nursing staff in the ICU. Health status (p=0.02) also explained 10% of the variance from workload pressure. Conclusions: Overall, conscious health is a significant predictor and may provide an important indicator for future assessment of work pressure among nurse staff in the ICU. Although physical awareness was not a significant predictor, it was still significantly associated with work pressure from specialist roles, team interpersonal relationships and workload, and it could be improved in the future to reduce the work pressure of nurse staff in the ICU through a health promotion model.

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