多元就業開發方案及培力就業計畫經濟型執行單位營運狀況之分析

近年來，我國推動社會創新，非營利組織被賦予更深的期待，除了要強化組織、經營理念及願景，協助解決社會問題，更鼓勵他們發展商業模式，能自給自足，達到經費獨立自主，進入善的經濟循環，永續經營。經查與「多元就業開發方案」相關的博碩士論文，大多從「失業勞工角度」，分析本方案協助弱勢失業者、中高齡婦女再就業之成效，或是探討本計畫對於原住民地區促進產業發展及創造就業的功效等，然而，本研究主要從「執行單位的經營者角度」，探究經濟型執行單位在政府補助資源結束後，目前的營運情形如何，其在執行多元培力計畫期間，是否有獲得了甚麼樣的幫助，有助於其往後的發展，最後對於多元培力計畫有何感想或建議。研究發現，經濟型執行單位在結束政府補助資源後，為節省人事成本，均有降低僱用人數的現象，執行單位當初參加多元培力計畫的初衷與理念，在實際執行時遇到人員素質及職能不足的狀況，因而產生衝突及落差，也認為參加計畫的行政成本過高，雖然有政府補助的人力，但對執行單位來說，成本卻不見得划算，政府如嘗試運用多元培力計畫引導非營利組織朝社會創新組織發展，現行計畫所提供之諮詢輔導措施，似有不足，應再導入更多協助資源。這些現象，提醒我們反思現行多元培力計畫之機制設計，本研究建議可思考將多元就業開發方案的經濟型計畫分離出來，或使其與社會型計畫有明顯不同的區隔設計，俾讓經濟型計畫能滿足執行單位對於經營所需專業人才之需求，而社會型計畫維持公法救助性質，以繼續協助弱勢失業勞工就業，同時思考多元培力計畫是否仍要繼續維持由政府全額補助人力經費，另應簡化執行計畫之行政作業，並加強落實諮詢輔導及退場機制等建議。

關鍵字

多元就業開發方案；培力就業計畫；公法救助關係；社會企業；社會創新

並列摘要

In recent years, the government has promoted social innovation, and non-profit organizations have been given deeper expectations. In addition to strengthening the organization, business philosophy and vision, and assisting in solving social focus issues, they have also encouraged to develop business models, self-sufficiency, achieve financial independence, and enter a positive direction, economic cycle, sustainable operation. This research mainly explores economic-type organizations under the multi-employment development program and empowering employment program. What is the current operating conditions after the government subsidy resources ended. During the operation of the project, does the unit receives specific and substantial help ? What are the limiting factors of these projects ? Does the programs help its future development? Finally, what are the operator thoughts on the programs or suggestions for improvement and adjustment. The study also found that the mechanism of current project provides insufficient consultation and counseling actions, and more government resources should be integrated across units to help; in addition, consider separating the economic-type of the diversified employment development project independently, or make a distinct difference from social-type projects, so that economic-type project can meet the executive unit’s demand for professional talents for business operations. Social-type projects maintain the original purpose to assist disadvantaged unemployed workers in employment by public law, and consider Whether the programs should continue to be fully subsidized by the government, including simplify the administrative levels and operating procedures for the implementation of the project; strengthen the consultation and guidance as well as the exit mechanism and other specific suggestions.