應用雙層互動模式於親子共讀家具設計

The Application of Two-Level Interaction Mode in Parent-child Reading Furniture Design

吳岱凌(Tai-Ling Wu)

指導教授 ： 張若菡

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/創新設計研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00102

摘要

現今幼兒閱讀書籍能力低落，因此，需要有良好環境培養閱讀習慣。其中，照護者與其共讀尤其可提升閱讀能力及興趣。但目前研究尚不足以同時探討照護者、幼兒、家具及環境四者間之互動，故本研究提出「雙層互動模式」，期可全面性的瞭解親子互動內容及需求。
為驗證雙層互動模式，本研究將分三階段進行：（1）應用雙層互動模式進行親子共讀現況分析：包含共讀觀察及以雙層互動模式分析所得資料，供後續設計參考（2）應用雙層互動模式分析結果進行親子共讀家具設計及評估：包含親子共讀家具設計及以共讀家具進行評估實驗（3）專家評估：由人、機、環專家評估雙層互動模式之概念、內容及應用成效。
由親子共讀現況分析可知：因居家空間不足及舒適度因素，親子共讀多在臥室或客廳進行。因沙發及床鋪等家具非為共讀設計，易造成使用者肩頸、上肢及腿部負擔，甚至影響心理，使「共讀」成為壓力來源。依據上述結果，產出親子共讀家具四件。經評估實驗發現：使用共讀家具時，照護者易受家具形式及桌面有無之影響，幼兒則受家具形式及扶手有無影響較大；而家具之包覆性可使親子間之參與性及撫育性互動較多。模式評估結果為：（1）雙層互動模式可更專注於觀察對象。但研究因素較多，需深入討論彼此間之交互影響。（2）使用「雙層互動」可有一定成效。後續發展可朝向「三層互動」發展，將其它因素加入討論範圍或朝更多人次之互動進行探討，將會更加完整的「人、機、環互動」研究。

關鍵字

親子共讀 ； 雙層互動模式 ； 家具設計 ； 馬謝克互動法

並列摘要

At present time, in view of young children’s declining reading ability, there is a need to create conducive environment that nurtures good reading habits. A vital part of such an environment is the guardian’s role as a reading companion, to promote the child’s ability and interest to read. However, existing researches concerning child’s reading ability has not examined the interrelationship among the guardian, the child, the environment and furniture set up for parent-child reading. This research thus proposes a Two-level Interaction Mode, in the hope to provide greater insight into the parent-child reading context, and identify what is required to set up a conducive parent-child reading environment.
To test the application of Two-level Interaction Mode in designing for parent-child reading, this research was carried out in three stages: (1) application of the Two-level Interaction Mode in a parent-child reading experiment, which includes the observation of parent-child reading scenarios and applying Two-level Interaction Mode to analyze the experiment data; (2) application of the analyzed results in stage 1 to design parent-child reading furniture, followed by evaluation experiment of the designs developed; and (3) evaluation of the furniture design by man-machine-environment specialists, providing their critiques on the concept of Two-level Interaction Mode, the design context and the effectiveness in its application.
Analysis from the parent-child reading scenarios shows that due to lack of enough free space and comfort in homes, most parent-child reading activities take place in the bedroom or living room. Because the sofa and bed are not designed for reading purpose, it is easy to exert pressure to the reader’s shoulder, neck, arms and legs, which might even affect the reader’s mind, causing accompanied-reading to become a source of pressure. Based on the above findings, four furniture designs were developed. Findings from the evaluation of the designs shows that when using the accompanied-reading furniture, the guardian tends to be affected by the form of the furniture, as well as the availability of a desk surface. The child, on the other hand, is more affected by the form of the furniture and the availability of an arm-rest. It is also found that enclosure of the furniture would increase the engagement interaction and nurturing interaction between parent and child. The evaluation of the Two-level Interaction Mode by the experts highlights that (1) the Two-level Interaction Mode could further focus on the subjects being observed, but as more research factors would be involved, more in-depth exploration would be needed to examine how the various factors influence one another; and (2) the application of Two-level Interaction Mode in designing for parent-child reading could produce a certain level of effectiveness. Future researches could aim towards development of the Three-Level Interaction Mode, to include other factors in its discussion, or to investigate multi-person interaction, to build a more complete man-machine-environment research.

並列關鍵字

Parent-child Reading ； Two-level Interaction Mode ； Furniture Design ； Marschak Interaction Method (MIM)

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