運用系統模擬探討單元製造績效之影響因素

Using Simulation to Explore the Effects of Different Factors to the Performance of Cell Production

賴綱亮(Gang-Liang Lai)

指導教授 ： 張玉鈍

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

隨著企業市場的變化，差異化與客製化產品使生產由以往的「少樣多量」生產環境轉變為「多樣少量」的需求模式，單元製造為近年來實務上因應「多樣少量」之生產系統。
本研究採”Learning to See”一書中阿克米製造汽車方向機柱支架未來理想圖範例為基礎來實驗，運用系統模擬軟體工具以實驗設計方式建構不同的生產系統環境，實驗六種單元製造模式，探討不同製造單元數、換模時間節省、不同批量及生產看板配置不同下，其因應不同需求型態的表現對單元製造的影響因素與比較績效差異。
超市後拉生產環境下實驗結果顯示，無論是「少樣多量」或「多樣少量」的需求，多個多能工製造單元、產品流動批量為一個、生產看板配置以看板依種類產品指派至各個單元的方式，可得良好績效。而換模時間改善幅度增加時六種單元製造模式彼此的績效其差異會越小。
接單後生產環境下實驗結果顯示，在「多樣少量」的需求時，多個多能工製造單元、產品流動批量為一個、生產看板配置以看板依種類產品指派至各個單元的方式其績效最好。但在「少樣多量」的需求時，以一個製造單元、產品流動批量為一個的方式，可得較佳績效。
顯示超市後拉生產環境下，多個多能工製造單元，可因應不同需求型態，在接單後生產環境下，宜依需求型態變化，調整製造單元數，方能維持營良好運績效。

關鍵字

少樣多量 ； 多樣少量 ； 單元製造

並列摘要

The product differentiation and customization strategy force the production system to shift from mass to high variety low volume production. In recent years, cell production system is proposed to cope with the requirement.
In this research, we use the example case from a reference book "Learning to See" for experimental study. Six cell production models were constructed with simulation tool eM-Plant. The number of cells, batch size, rate of setup reduction, methods of kanban assignment are the experimental factors.
In supermarket pull supply mode, the multi-cell production system with multi-skill operator, one-piece transfer batch, and dedicated cell rule performs better for demands with high variety low volume and low variety high volume. Setup reduction will make the gap of performance measure among the six cell production models smaller. In make-to-order supply mode, the multi-cell production system with multi-skill operator, one-piece transfer batch, and dedicated cell rule performs better for demands with high variety low volume. However, the single-cell production system with one-piece transfer batch performs better for demands with low variety high volume. In make-to-order supply mode, number of cells should be adjusted according to the shifting of product variety and volume.

並列關鍵字

High variety low volume ； Low variety high volume ； Cell production

參考文獻

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