基於基因演算法的多目標決策模式探討永續市區公車

A genetic algorithm based multiple objective decision making model to explore the sustainable city bus

林維中(WEI-JHONG LIN)

指導教授 ： 劉建浩

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理系碩士班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

將永續發展的概念導入交通運輸部門即為永續運輸，為各國交通運輸部門的主要發展策略。永續運輸包含環境、經濟與社會三大面向，為一多目標規劃問題，此類問題可透過各種演算法得到多組的柏拉圖解，做為可行方案供給決策者進行選擇，但在可行方案眾多的情況下，決策者要依據自身經驗與偏好直接選出理想方案較為困難。有鑑於此，本研究以一混合決策模式，將改良式NSGA-II和多屬性決策方法結合：改良式NSGA-II可處理複雜的多目標最佳化問題求得柏拉圖解；在多屬性決策方法中，AHP可以得知不同群體決策者的偏好，並由VIKOR進行柏拉圖方案之排序，協助決策者選出理想的方案執行。為了驗證模式之有效性，本研究以桃園縣的市區公車為例，探討永續市區公車最佳化問題，透過專家問卷調查的方式考量政府與學術單位的觀點，並將混合決策模式與模糊多目標規劃法進行比較。研究結果顯示，市區公車之載客量為專家最重視的評估準則，兩模式之最佳妥協方案的求解效果相近此，顯示模式在求解方面的有效性。

關鍵字

永續運輸 ； VIKOR ； AHP ； 基因演算法 ； 混合決策模式 ； NSGA-II

並列摘要

The concept of sustainable development introduces into transport department which is sustainable transport as the main development strategy for the transport department in the various countries. Sustainable transportation which includes environment, economy and society is a Multi-objective programming problem. The problem can obtains many Pareto solutions as feasible solutions through a variety of algorithm which provide decision makers to select, but decision makers directly select the ideal solution based on their own experiences and preferences in the case of many feasible solutions is difficult. Therefore, this research uses a hybrid decision making model to combine multiple objective genetic algorithm and multiple attribute decision making. Multi-objective genetic algorithms can handle complex multi-objective optimization problem to obtain Pareto solutions; multi-attribute decision making can find the preferences of different groups of decision makers and sort the Pareto solutions which helps decision maker selects a preferenced solution to carry out. In order to verify the validity of model, one example of Taoyuan city buses is used to discuss the optimization problem of sustainable city buses. Through experts questionnaires consider the views obtained from government and academic institutions, we compare the results of the hybrid decision making model and the fuzzy multi-objective programming method. The results show that city bus's capacity is the most important evaluation criteria of experts and two model's best compromise solutions are similar. It shows the effectiveness of the proposed model.

並列關鍵字

Sustainable Transportation ； VIKOR, AHP ； Genetic Algorithm ； Hybrid Decision Making Model ； NSGA-II

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